Fix Build Issues

[Symmetricity]

This PR is AI generated.

Summary

This restores the ability to build from source across multiple operating systems by resolving several outstanding issues.

• replace an MSVC-only uint build failure in OutputObject
• keep linking boost_system in the Makefile when the library exists, but omit it when Boost no longer ships it
• link Boost::throw_exception from CMake when that imported target is available
• include <cstdint> from helpers.h, which directly uses fixed-width integer types

Fixes #880.
Fixes #882.

Background

Recent builds fail:

• Windows CMake fails in include/output_object.h because uint is no longer available after the Boost 1.89 compatibility changes
• macOS Makefile jobs fail because Homebrew Boost 1.90 no longer provides libboost_system

This follows the Boost 1.89+ compatibility work in #871 and the Boost.System removal reports in #862 and #880.

Testing

• cmake -S . -B build-ci-fix -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo
• cmake --build build-ci-fix --target tilemaker -j2
• make -j4
• make test
• Windows CMake/MSVC/vcpkg build with:
  • cmake -DTILEMAKER_BUILD_STATIC=ON -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows-static-md -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:\vcpkg\scripts\buildsystems\vcpkg.cmake ..
  • cmake --build . --config RelWithDebInfo