Project Management is the discipline of planning, executing, and controlling projects to deliver defined outcomes within scope, time, and budget.
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Project Management Life Cycle: Initiation → Planning → Execution → Monitoring & Control → Closure
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Project Governance: Oversight, accountability, compliance
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Risk Management: Identify, assess, mitigate risks
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Earned Value Formulas: EV, CPI, SPI for performance tracking
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Critical Path: Longest sequence of dependent tasks
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Resource Utilization: Efficiency of resource use
Business Analysis is the practice of bridging business needs and technical solutions. A BA ensures requirements are clear, feasible, and aligned with organizational goals.
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Roles of a Business Analyst: Bridge between stakeholders and IT teams
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Responsibilities: Requirement elicitation, documentation, validation
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BA Documents: BRD, FRD, SRS, Use Case Diagrams, User Stories, Traceability Matrix
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Assessment Techniques: SWOT, GAP, feasibility, cost–benefit analysis
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Stakeholder Engagement: Identify, analyze, and involve stakeholders
Portfolio Management ensures that projects and programs are aligned with strategy and deliver maximum ROI.
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Strategic Alignment: Projects support organizational goals
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Prioritization: Investments based on ROI, risk, and capacity
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Roles: Portfolio Manager, Steering Committee, PMO Analysts
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Metrics: ROI, EAC, TCPI, Burn Rate
Product Management focuses on defining product vision, roadmap, and delivery to maximize customer value.
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Roles: Product Manager, Product Owner, Associate PM
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Responsibilities: Vision, backlog prioritization, customer feedback integration
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Artifacts: Roadmap, backlog, user stories, KPIs
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Estimate to Complete (ETC): Forecast remaining cost
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Project ROI: Financial value vs cost
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Risk Probability & Impact: Prioritize risks
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Analytics: Data insights for decision‑making
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Project Management ensures structured delivery.
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Business Analysis ensures requirements are clear and aligned.
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Portfolio Management ensures strategic prioritization.
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Product Management ensures customer value.
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Together, they form the governance backbone of modern organizations.
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