fs: fix glob case-sensitivity inconsistencies

[louiellan]

Refs: #58991

fix matchers' nocaseMagicOnly option where it makes any non-magical/literal pattern case-sensitive which results to:

1. making the exclude option case sensitive

2. not returning the actual casing of a matched directory / file

not ideal for the case-insensitive nature of Windows and MacOS filesystems.

It would be a notable-change since developers may have been relying already on this behavior

[louiellan]

For additional info

with a directory structure:

a
   |---> index.txt
sample.js

sample.js

const fs = require('node:fs')

// test-1
let files = fs.globSync('a/index.TXT', { exclude: ['a/index.txt'] })
console.log(files)

// test-2
files = fs.globSync('a/index.TXT', { exclude: ['a/in*dex.txt'] })
console.log(files)

// test-3
files = fs.globSync('a/index.TXT', { exclude: ['a*/index.txt'] })
console.log(files)

In test-2, the presence of a glob character in pattern, the file gets excluded

with only a literal string, like those in test-1 and test-3 where the filename itself does not have a glob character, the file doesn't get excluded

the test-1 and test-3 should filter the file just like the test-2 as they're technically the same

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 90.08%. Comparing base (4ee7567) to head (a1aa147).
⚠️ Report is 204 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #63446      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.05%   90.08%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         714      714              
  Lines      225876   225918      +42     
  Branches    42737    42745       +8     
==========================================
+ Hits       203408   203514     +106     
+ Misses      14244    14185      -59     
+ Partials     8224     8219       -5     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/fs/glob.js	91.48% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 35 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.

[louiellan]

Fixing this bug alone could introduce confusion on glob's case sensitivity, especially in resolving canonical paths, I'm closing this PR in favor of the feature request #58991 (comment)