Arithmetic test utils

[fedimser]

• Q# test functions to test arithmetic operations:
  • ApplyBigInt - writes BigInt to register.
  • MeasureBigInt - reads BigInt from register and resets register to 0.
  • TestArithmeticOp - writes one or more inputs to registers, applies operation and reads output.
• Python class test_utils.ArithmeticOpTester to run Q# arithmetic operation on given inputs. Supports input as string or as callable.
  • Wrapper around Std.ArithmeticTestUtils.TestArithmeticOp.
  • Optimized for testing the same operation on many inputs.
• Std.ArithmeticTestUtils.ApplyClassicalFunction. This Q# function allows to specify classical arithmetic function (as Q# closure) and turn it into arithmetic gate that will apply that function to every basis state.
  • Implemented in sparse simulator only.
  • Also has Q#-only wrappers that provides controlled version, and versions acting on 2 and 3 arguments.
  • This addresses [Feature Request] ArithmeticGate #3272

[github-actions]

Change in memory usage detected by benchmark.

Memory Report for 50cbe8e

Test	This Branch	On Main	Difference
compile core + standard lib	26725891 bytes	24588971 bytes	2136920 bytes