💥 Drop support for Python 3.10

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
             database: mysql
             database-url: mysql+pymysql://sqlmodel:sqlmodel@127.0.0.1:13306/sqlmodel_test
           - os: ubuntu-latest
-            python-version: "3.10"
+            python-version: "3.11"
             uv-resolution: lowest-direct
             database: mysql
             database-url: mysql+pymysql://sqlmodel:sqlmodel@127.0.0.1:13306/sqlmodel_test

docs/advanced/datetime.md

@@ -21,13 +21,11 @@ Let's say that each event in our application has a `created_at` field.
 
 We can declare it with `datetime` and use `default_factory` to generate the current time in UTC:
 
-{* ./docs_src/advanced/datetime/tutorial001_py311.py ln[1:8] hl[1,8] *}
+{* ./docs_src/advanced/datetime/tutorial001.py ln[1:8] hl[1,8] *}
 
 /// tip
 
-The [`UTC` constant](https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.UTC) is available on Python 3.11 and newer. It is an alias for `timezone.utc`.
-
-For Python 3.10, expand **Other versions and variants** below the example. That version imports `timezone` and uses `datetime.now(timezone.utc)` instead.
+The [`UTC` constant](https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.UTC) is an alias for `timezone.utc`.
 
 ///
 
@@ -39,15 +37,15 @@ Passing `datetime.now(UTC)` directly would call it immediately, when defining th
 
 We can create an event without passing a value for `created_at`:
 
-{* ./docs_src/advanced/datetime/tutorial001_py311.py ln[17:19] hl[18] *}
+{* ./docs_src/advanced/datetime/tutorial001.py ln[17:19] hl[18] *}
 
 For the database column, **SQLModel** uses `UTCDateTime`, a custom SQLAlchemy type based on `DateTime(timezone=True)`. It uses native timezone support when the database provides it.
 
 ### Write and Read Datetimes
 
 Let's save the event to `database.db` and read it back using SQLite:
 
-{* ./docs_src/advanced/datetime/tutorial001_py311.py ln[11:14,21:26] hl[23:25] *}
+{* ./docs_src/advanced/datetime/tutorial001.py ln[11:14,21:26] hl[23:25] *}
 
 The datetime goes through these steps:
 

docs/tutorial/fastapi/tests.md

@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ Now we can run the tests with `pytest` and see the results:
 $ uv run pytest
 
 ============= test session starts ==============
-platform linux -- Python 3.10.0, pytest-7.4.4, pluggy-1.5.0
+platform linux -- Python 3.11.0, pytest-7.4.4, pluggy-1.5.0
 rootdir: /home/user/code/sqlmodel-tutorial
 <b>collected 7 items                              </b>
 

docs_src/tutorial/create_db_and_table/annotations/en/tutorial003.md

@@ -1,44 +1,43 @@
-1. Import `Optional` from `typing` to declare fields that could be `None`.
-2. Import the things we will need from `sqlmodel`: `Field`, `SQLModel`, `create_engine`.
-3. Create the `Hero` model class, representing the `hero` table in the database.
+1. Import the things we will need from `sqlmodel`: `Field`, `SQLModel`, `create_engine`.
+2. Create the `Hero` model class, representing the `hero` table in the database.
 
     And also mark this class as a **table model** with `table=True`.
 
-4. Create the `id` field:
+3. Create the `id` field:
 
-    It could be `None` until the database assigns a value to it, so we annotate it with `Optional` (`int | None` in Python 3.10+).
+    It could be `None` until the database assigns a value to it, so we annotate it with `int | None`.
 
     It is a **primary key**, so we use `Field()` and the argument `primary_key=True`.
 
-5. Create the `name` field.
+4. Create the `name` field.
 
-    It is required, so there's no default value, and it's not `Optional`.
+    It is required, so there's no default value, and it cannot be `None`.
 
-6. Create the `secret_name` field.
+5. Create the `secret_name` field.
 
     Also required.
 
-7. Create the `age` field.
+6. Create the `age` field.
 
     It is not required, the default value is `None`.
 
     In the database, the default value will be `NULL`, the SQL equivalent of `None`.
 
-    As this field could be `None` (and `NULL` in the database), we annotate it with `Optional` (`int | None` in Python 3.10+).
+    As this field could be `None` (and `NULL` in the database), we annotate it with `int | None`.
 
-8. Write the name of the database file.
-9. Use the name of the database file to create the database URL.
-10. Create the engine using the URL.
+7. Write the name of the database file.
+8. Use the name of the database file to create the database URL.
+9. Create the engine using the URL.
 
     This doesn't create the database yet, no file or table is created at this point, only the **engine** object that will handle the connections with this specific database, and with specific support for SQLite (based on the URL).
 
-11. Put the code that creates side effects in a function.
+10. Put the code that creates side effects in a function.
 
     In this case, only one line that creates the database file with the table.
 
-12. Create all the tables that were automatically registered in `SQLModel.metadata`.
+11. Create all the tables that were automatically registered in `SQLModel.metadata`.
 
-13. Add a main block, or "Top-level script environment".
+12. Add a main block, or "Top-level script environment".
 
     And put some logic to be executed when this is called directly with Python, as in:
 
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@
     from app import Hero
     ```
 
-14. In this main block, call the function that creates the database file and the table.
+13. In this main block, call the function that creates the database file and the table.
 
     This way when we call it with:
 

docs_src/tutorial/create_db_and_table/tutorial003.py

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
-from sqlmodel import Field, SQLModel, create_engine  # (2)!
+from sqlmodel import Field, SQLModel, create_engine  # (1)!
 
 
-class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):  # (3)!
-    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)  # (4)!
-    name: str  # (5)!
-    secret_name: str  # (6)!
-    age: int | None = None  # (7)!
+class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):  # (2)!
+    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)  # (3)!
+    name: str  # (4)!
+    secret_name: str  # (5)!
+    age: int | None = None  # (6)!
 
 
-sqlite_file_name = "database.db"  # (8)!
-sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"  # (9)!
+sqlite_file_name = "database.db"  # (7)!
+sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"  # (8)!
 
-engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)  # (10)!
+engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)  # (9)!
 
 
-def create_db_and_tables():  # (11)!
-    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)  # (12)!
+def create_db_and_tables():  # (10)!
+    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)  # (11)!
 
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":  # (13)!
-    create_db_and_tables()  # (14)!
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # (12)!
+    create_db_and_tables()  # (13)!

pyproject.toml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ name = "sqlmodel"
 dynamic = ["version"]
 description = "SQLModel, SQL databases in Python, designed for simplicity, compatibility, and robustness."
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.10"
+requires-python = ">=3.11"
 authors = [
     { name = "Sebastián Ramírez", email = "tiangolo@gmail.com" },
 ]
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ classifiers = [
     "Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
     "Intended Audience :: System Administrators",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
@@ -83,7 +82,8 @@ tests = [
     "aiosqlite >=0.17.0",
     "alembic >=1.12.0",
     "black >=24.1.0",
-    "coverage[toml] >=6.2",
+    # Support Python 3.11+ and the configured C tracer.
+    "coverage[toml] >=7.9.0",
     "dirty-equals >=0.11",
     "fastapi >=0.128.0",
     "httpx >=0.28.1",

sqlmodel/ext/asyncio/session.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 from typing import (
     Any,
     TypeVar,
+    TypeVarTuple,
     cast,
     overload,
 )
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
 from sqlalchemy.sql.base import Executable as _Executable
 from sqlalchemy.sql.dml import UpdateBase
 from sqlalchemy.util.concurrency import greenlet_spawn
-from typing_extensions import TypeVarTuple, Unpack, deprecated
+from typing_extensions import deprecated
 
 from ...orm.session import Session
 from ...sql.base import Executable
@@ -34,14 +35,14 @@ class AsyncSession(_AsyncSession):
     @overload
     async def exec(
         self,
-        statement: Select[Unpack[_Ts]],
+        statement: Select[*_Ts],
         *,
         params: Mapping[str, Any] | Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]] | None = None,
         execution_options: Mapping[str, Any] = util.EMPTY_DICT,
         bind_arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
-    ) -> TupleResult[tuple[Unpack[_Ts]]]: ...
+    ) -> TupleResult[tuple[*_Ts]]: ...
 
     @overload
     async def exec(
@@ -65,11 +66,11 @@ async def exec(
         bind_arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
-    ) -> CursorResult[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]]: ...
+    ) -> CursorResult[*tuple[Any, ...]]: ...
 
     async def exec(
         self,
-        statement: Select[Unpack[_Ts]]
+        statement: Select[*_Ts]
         | SelectOfScalar[_TSelectParam]
         | Executable[_TSelectParam]
         | UpdateBase,
@@ -80,9 +81,9 @@ async def exec(
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
     ) -> (
-        TupleResult[tuple[Unpack[_Ts]]]
+        TupleResult[tuple[*_Ts]]
         | ScalarResult[_TSelectParam]
-        | CursorResult[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]]
+        | CursorResult[*tuple[Any, ...]]
     ):
         if execution_options:
             execution_options = util.immutabledict(execution_options).union(
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ async def exec(
             _add_event=_add_event,
         )
         result_value = await _ensure_sync_result(
-            cast(Result[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]], result), self.exec
+            cast(Result[*tuple[Any, ...]], result), self.exec
         )
         return result_value  # type: ignore
 
@@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ async def execute(
         bind_arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
-    ) -> Result[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]]:
+    ) -> Result[*tuple[Any, ...]]:
         """
         🚨 You probably want to use `session.exec()` instead of `session.execute()`.
 

sqlmodel/main.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
     TypeVar,
     Union,
     cast,
+    dataclass_transform,
     get_origin,
     overload,
 )
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@
 from sqlalchemy.sql.schema import MetaData
 from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import LargeBinary, Time, Uuid
 from sqlalchemy.types import TypeEngine
-from typing_extensions import dataclass_transform, deprecated
+from typing_extensions import deprecated
 
 from ._compat import (
     PYDANTIC_MINOR_VERSION,

sqlmodel/orm/session.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 from typing import (
     Any,
     TypeVar,
+    TypeVarTuple,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
 from sqlalchemy.sql.dml import UpdateBase
 from sqlmodel.sql.base import Executable
 from sqlmodel.sql.expression import Select, SelectOfScalar
-from typing_extensions import TypeVarTuple, Unpack, deprecated
+from typing_extensions import deprecated
 
 _TSelectParam = TypeVar("_TSelectParam", bound=Any)
 _Ts = TypeVarTuple("_Ts")
@@ -27,14 +28,14 @@ class Session(_Session):
     @overload
     def exec(
         self,
-        statement: Select[Unpack[_Ts]],
+        statement: Select[*_Ts],
         *,
         params: Mapping[str, Any] | Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]] | None = None,
         execution_options: Mapping[str, Any] = util.EMPTY_DICT,
         bind_arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
-    ) -> TupleResult[tuple[Unpack[_Ts]]]: ...
+    ) -> TupleResult[tuple[*_Ts]]: ...
 
     @overload
     def exec(
@@ -58,11 +59,11 @@ def exec(
         bind_arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
-    ) -> CursorResult[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]]: ...
+    ) -> CursorResult[*tuple[Any, ...]]: ...
 
     def exec(
         self,
-        statement: Select[Unpack[_Ts]]
+        statement: Select[*_Ts]
         | SelectOfScalar[_TSelectParam]
         | Executable[_TSelectParam]
         | UpdateBase,
@@ -73,9 +74,9 @@ def exec(
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
     ) -> (
-        TupleResult[tuple[Unpack[_Ts]]]
+        TupleResult[tuple[*_Ts]]
         | ScalarResult[_TSelectParam]
-        | CursorResult[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]]
+        | CursorResult[*tuple[Any, ...]]
     ):
         results = super().execute(
             statement,
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ def execute(
         bind_arguments: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         _parent_execute_state: Any | None = None,
         _add_event: Any | None = None,
-    ) -> Result[Unpack[tuple[Any, ...]]]:
+    ) -> Result[*tuple[Any, ...]]:
         """
         🚨 You probably want to use `session.exec()` instead of `session.execute()`.