Unexpected argument(s) warning in PyCharm when using select() with many parameters

First Check

I added a very descriptive title to this issue.
I used the GitHub search to find a similar issue and didn't find it.
I searched the SQLModel documentation, with the integrated search.
I already searched in Google "How to X in SQLModel" and didn't find any information.
I already read and followed all the tutorial in the docs and didn't find an answer.
I already checked if it is not related to SQLModel but to Pydantic.
I already checked if it is not related to SQLModel but to SQLAlchemy.

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I commit to help with one of those options 👆

Example Code

from typing import Optional
from datetime import datetime

from sqlmodel import Field, SQLModel, select, func, create_engine, Session


class Item(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    created: datetime
    deleted: bool = False
    category: str
    version: float = 1
    data: str


# Create and save records to show that the query itself is working.
item_1 = Item(created=datetime.now(), category="category_1", data="❤️ I love SQLModel.")
item_2 = Item(created=datetime.now(), category="category_1", data="❤️ I love FastAPI.", deleted=True)
item_3 = Item(created=datetime.now(), category="category_2", data="🥰 I appreciate your work on all of it!")

engine = create_engine("sqlite://")

SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

with Session(engine) as session:
    session.add(item_1)
    session.add(item_2)
    session.add(item_3)
    session.commit()

    # This "statement" is where the issue presents itself in PyCharm
    statement = (
        select(
            Item.category,
            func.count(Item.id),
            func.total(Item.deleted).label("delete_count"),
            func.min(Item.created).label("oldest_timestamp"),
            func.max(Item.created).label("newest_timestamp"),
            func.group_concat(Item.version).label("version_list"),
        )
            .distinct()
            .group_by(Item.category)
    )
    category_metadata = session.exec(statement)
    for result in category_metadata:
        print(dict(result))

Description

Using the select() function to write out a query with > 4 params.
PyCharm displays the following warning.

Unexpected argument(s) Possible callees: select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: Type[_TModel_3], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: _TScalar_2, entity_3: _TScalar_3, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: _TScalar_2, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: _TScalar_2, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], entity_2: _TScalar_2, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: Type[_TModel_2], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, entity_2: _TScalar_2, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], entity_1: _TScalar_1, **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: Type[_TModel_1], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, entity_1: _TScalar_1, **kw) select(entity_0: Type[_TModel_0], **kw) select(entity_0: _TScalar_0, **kw)

This does not impact the use of select(), the query works as expected.
This does not show when using <= 4 params.
This warning does not show in VSCode.

Operating System

Windows

Operating System Details

Windows = 10
PyCharm Version = 2021.2 (Community Edition)

SQLModel Version

0.0.4

Python Version

Python 3.9.7

Additional Context

I have the same issue.

I have a table with 5 foreign keys. And when I want to do a full join like below I get a mypy error. So I assume the typing is the issue here. And PyCharm uses the types too I think.

from sqlmodel import select
...
stmt = (
    select(
        Ticket, TicketStage, ConspicuityType, User, ATFeedbackType, StatisticalEvaluationType
    )
    .join(TicketStage)
    .join(ConspicuityType)
    .join(User)
    .join(ATFeedbackType)
    .join(StatisticalEvaluationType)
)

And when I use reveal_type from typing_extensions I get this:

from typing_extensions import reveal_type
from sqlmodel import select
...
stmt = (
    select(
        Ticket, TicketStage, ConspicuityType, User, ATFeedbackType, StatisticalEvaluationType
    )
    .join(TicketStage)
    .join(ConspicuityType)
    .join(User)
    .join(ATFeedbackType)
    .join(StatisticalEvaluationType)
)
reveal_type(stmt)  # Type of "stmt" is "Any"

When I reduce the arguments to select I get:

from typing_extensions import reveal_type
from sqlmodel import select
...
stmt = (
    select(
        Ticket, TicketStage, ConspicuityType, User
    )
    .join(TicketStage)
    .join(ConspicuityType)
    .join(User)
    .join(ATFeedbackType)
    .join(StatisticalEvaluationType)
)
reveal_type(stmt)  # Type of "stmt" is "Select[Tuple[Ticket, TicketStage, ConspicuityType, User]]"

When I use select from sqlalchemy instead it works with all arguments and I get:

from typing_extensions import reveal_type
from sqlalchemy import select
...
stmt = (
    select(
        Ticket, TicketStage, ConspicuityType, User, ATFeedbackType, StatisticalEvaluationType
    )
    .join(TicketStage)
    .join(ConspicuityType)
    .join(User)
    .join(ATFeedbackType)
    .join(StatisticalEvaluationType)
)
reveal_type(stmt)  # Type of "stmt" is "Select"

Basically the issues lies here: https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel/blob/main/sqlmodel/sql/expression.py#L140-L442

The overloads are hardcoded and end with 4 parameters. So I guess there are 3 Solutions:

Use sqlalchemy's select when using more then 4 parameters for select
Add more hardcoded overloads for more parameters, which I guess will grow the amount of overloads exponentially because of the different combinations of _TScalar_X and Type[_TModel_X] for each parameter.
Find a dynamic solution if there is any

Same issue here

@tiangolo

@tiangolo we're still having this issue in a ton of places in our code base, any we can resolve or merge max's fix? Would be a huge QOL improvement for us. Thank you !!

Due to the fact that the 'select' parameter in the SQL model is as follows：

You can first create a list of parameters that need to be queried:

I think this is the same as #271

Let's close this and track it here

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`Unexpected argument(s)` warning in PyCharm when using `select()` with many parameters #92

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Unexpected argument(s) warning in PyCharm when using select() with many parameters #92

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`Unexpected argument(s)` warning in PyCharm when using `select()` with many parameters #92