refactor(optimizer): Improve histogram-based selectivity and join statistics estimation

[forsaken628]

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Summary

• Add typed histogram infrastructure, NDV-based histogram building, typed bounds/intersection logic, histogram join estimation, and histogram table-meta serde support.
• Introduce expression-level statistics distribution utilities and typed comparison stat derivation for numeric, decimal, string, date, timestamp, nullable, and constant
  comparisons.
• Rework optimizer selectivity estimation to use derived function statistics and structured column-stat updates for min/max, NDV, null count, and histogram constraints.
• Improve join cardinality/NDV estimation with histogram overlap and interval intersection, and update affected plan expectations.
• Add optimizer selectivity smoke/property tests and histogram serialization coverage.

Tests

• Unit Test
• Logic Test
• Benchmark Test
• No Test - Explain why

Type of change

• Bug Fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New Feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking Change (fix or feature that could cause existing functionality not to work as expected)
• Documentation Update
• Refactoring
• Performance Improvement
• Other (please describe):

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This change is 

[github-actions]

🤖 CI Job Analysis

Workflow: 25155970661

📊 Summary

• Total Jobs: 87
• Failed Jobs: 4
• Retryable: 0
• Code Issues: 4

❌ NO RETRY NEEDED

All failures appear to be code/test issues requiring manual fixes.

🔍 Job Details

• ❌ linux / test_stateful_cluster: Not retryable (Code/Test)
• ❌ linux / sqllogic / standalone_no_table_meta_cache (no_table_meta_cache, http): Not retryable (Code/Test)
• ❌ linux / sqllogic / standalone (standalone, 2c, hybrid): Not retryable (Code/Test)
• ❌ linux / sqllogic / standalone (standalone, 2c, http): Not retryable (Code/Test)

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🤖 About

Automated analysis using job annotations to distinguish infrastructure issues (auto-retried) from code/test issues (manual fixes needed).