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📖 About

Inception is a system administration project from the 42 School curriculum. The goal is to set up a small infrastructure composed of multiple Docker containers, each running a single service, orchestrated with Docker Compose. No pre-built images from Docker Hub are allowed — every Dockerfile must be written from scratch using Debian as the base image.

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🏗️ Architecture

                       ┌─────────────────┐
                       │    Client        │
                       │  (Browser)       │
                       └────────┬────────┘
                                │ HTTPS :443
                       ┌────────▼────────┐
                       │     Nginx       │
                       │  TLSv1.2/1.3    │
                       │  Reverse Proxy  │
                       └────────┬────────┘
                                │ :9000 (FastCGI)
                       ┌────────▼────────┐
                       │   WordPress     │
                       │   + PHP-FPM     │
                       │   + WP-CLI      │
                       └────────┬────────┘
                                │ :3306
                       ┌────────▼────────┐
                       │    MariaDB      │
                       │   Database      │
                       └─────────────────┘

  Volumes:  ┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────┐
            │  wp_data    │    │  db_data    │
            │ (WordPress  │    │ (MariaDB    │
            │  files)     │    │  storage)   │
            └─────────────┘    └─────────────┘

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✨ Features

Requirement	Implementation
No pre-built images	All Dockerfiles built from debian:bullseye
One service per container	Nginx, WordPress, MariaDB — each isolated
TLS only	Nginx configured with TLSv1.2 / TLSv1.3, self-signed certificate
WordPress + PHP-FPM	Installed and configured via WP-CLI (no web installer)
MariaDB	Database initialized with setup script, users created automatically
Persistent storage	Two Docker volumes for WordPress files and database data
Docker network	All containers communicate through an internal Docker network
Environment variables	Secrets managed via .env file (never committed)
Auto-restart	Containers configured to restart on failure

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📁 Project Structure

Inception/
├── srcs/
│   ├── docker-compose.yml           # Service orchestration
│   └── requirements/
│       ├── nginx/
│       │   ├── Dockerfile           # Debian + Nginx + SSL setup
│       │   └── conf/               # Nginx server configuration
│       ├── wordpress/
│       │   ├── dockerfile           # Debian + PHP-FPM + WP-CLI
│       │   └── conf/               # PHP-FPM & WordPress config
│       └── mariadb/
│           ├── Dockerfile           # Debian + MariaDB server
│           ├── conf/               # MariaDB configuration
│           └── tools/              # DB initialization scripts
└── Makefile                         # Build & manage shortcuts

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🛠️ Services

🔒 Nginx

• Serves as the only entry point (port 443)
• TLSv1.2 / TLSv1.3 with self-signed certificate
• Reverse proxy to WordPress via FastCGI on port 9000

📝 WordPress

• Installed via WP-CLI (automated, no manual setup)
• Runs with PHP-FPM (no Apache)
• Two users created automatically (admin + regular user)
• Connected to MariaDB for data persistence

🗄️ MariaDB

• Database server with automated initialization
• User and database creation via entrypoint script
• Data persisted on a dedicated Docker volume

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🚀 Getting Started

Prerequisites

• Docker & Docker Compose
• Make

Build & Run

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/Wesper-Dev/Inception.git
cd Inception

# Create your environment file
cp .env.example .env
# Edit .env with your credentials

# Build and launch all containers
make

# Stop all containers
make down

# Clean everything (containers, volumes, images)
make fclean

Environment Variables

Variable	Description
DOMAIN_NAME	Your domain (e.g., adurand.42.fr)
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD	MariaDB root password
MYSQL_USER	WordPress database user
MYSQL_PASSWORD	WordPress database password
MYSQL_DATABASE	WordPress database name
WP_ADMIN_USER	WordPress admin username
WP_ADMIN_PASSWORD	WordPress admin password
WP_ADMIN_EMAIL	WordPress admin email
WP_USER	WordPress regular user
WP_USER_PASSWORD	WordPress regular user password
WP_USER_EMAIL	WordPress regular user email

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📚 Key Concepts Learned

• Containerization — Building Docker images from scratch (no pre-built)
• Service isolation — One process per container philosophy
• Docker networking — Inter-container communication via internal networks
• TLS/SSL — Certificate generation and HTTPS enforcement
• Infrastructure as Code — Reproducible environments with Docker Compose
• Process management — PID 1, signal handling, graceful shutdown
• Volume persistence — Data survival across container restarts

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