🚦 FPGA Smart Traffic Light Controller

SystemVerilog FSM-Based Intelligent Traffic Management System

Pedestrian Crossing • Emergency Vehicle Priority • GTKWave Verification • Streamlit Dashboard

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🌐 Live Demo

🔗 Live Dashboard

https://fpga-smart-traffic-light-controller-74fyvkmvcljtrogolskfap.streamlit.app/

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📌 Overview

The FPGA Smart Traffic Light Controller is a SystemVerilog-based Finite State Machine (FSM) project designed to manage traffic flow efficiently and safely at a road intersection.

This controller incorporates:

✅ North-South and East-West Traffic Control

✅ Pedestrian Crossing Support

✅ Emergency Vehicle Priority Override

✅ Safe All-Red Transition States

✅ GTKWave Verification

✅ Interactive Streamlit Dashboard

The project demonstrates practical concepts in:

• FPGA Design
• RTL Development
• FSM Modeling
• Digital Logic Design
• Verification Engineering
• Traffic Management Systems

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🎯 Key Features

🚦 Traffic Signal Control

• North-South Traffic Sequencing
• East-West Traffic Sequencing
• Timer-Based State Transitions
• Safe Traffic Coordination

🚶 Pedestrian Crossing Support

• Pedestrian Request Button
• Dedicated Pedestrian Walk State
• Safe All-Red Transition
• Automatic Return to Traffic Flow

🚑 Emergency Vehicle Priority

• Emergency Detection Input
• Immediate Priority Access
• Traffic Override Functionality
• Safe Recovery Mechanism

📊 Monitoring & Analytics

• Real-Time Dashboard
• Traffic State Visualization
• Traffic Analytics
• Event Monitoring
• Verification Reports

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🏗️ System Architecture

Inputs

Signal	Description
clk	System Clock
rst	System Reset
ped_button	Pedestrian Crossing Request
emergency	Emergency Vehicle Detection

Outputs

Signal	Description
NS_G	North-South Green
NS_Y	North-South Yellow
NS_R	North-South Red
EW_G	East-West Green
EW_Y	East-West Yellow
EW_R	East-West Red

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🔄 FSM State Diagram

FSM States

State	Description
NS_GREEN	North-South Green
NS_YELLOW	North-South Yellow
ALL_RED_1	Safety Transition State
PED_WALK	Pedestrian Walk State
EW_GREEN	East-West Green
EW_YELLOW	East-West Yellow
ALL_RED_2	Safety Transition State
EMERGENCY_GREEN	Emergency Priority State

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⚙️ State Transition Flow

NS_GREEN
    ↓
NS_YELLOW
    ↓
ALL_RED_1
    ↓
PED_WALK
    ↓
EW_GREEN
    ↓
EW_YELLOW
    ↓
ALL_RED_2
    ↓
NS_GREEN

Emergency Override

ANY_STATE
    ↓
EMERGENCY_GREEN
    ↓
NS_GREEN

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📂 Project Structure

FPGA-Smart-Traffic-Light-Controller
│
├── rtl/
│   └── traffic_fsm.sv
│
├── tb/
│   └── traffic_tb.sv
│
├── constraints/
│   └── traffic_constraints.xdc
│
├── scripts/
│   ├── compile.bat
│   ├── simulate.bat
│   ├── open_waveform.bat
│   └── run_all.bat
│
├── dashboard/
│   ├── app.py
│   ├── traffic_data.csv
│   └── requirements.txt
│
├── waveforms/
│   ├── traffic.vcd
│   └── waveform_analysis.md
│
├── reports/
│   └── simulation_report.md
│
├── docs/
│   └── project_report.pdf
│
├── images/
│   ├── github_banner.png
│   ├── architecture.png
│   ├── fsm_diagram.png
│   ├── dashboard.png
│   ├── traffic_waveform.png
│   ├── pedestrian_waveform.png
│   └── final_waveform.png
│
├── README.md
├── LICENSE
├── requirements.txt
└── .gitignore

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🧪 Simulation

Compile Design

iverilog -g2012 -o traffic.out rtl/traffic_fsm.sv tb/traffic_tb.sv

Run Simulation

vvp traffic.out

Open Waveform

gtkwave traffic.vcd

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🚦 Traffic Signal Verification

Verified States

• NS_GREEN
• NS_YELLOW
• EW_GREEN
• EW_YELLOW
• ALL_RED States

The waveform confirms proper timer-based sequencing and safe traffic signal transitions.

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🚶 Pedestrian Crossing Verification

Pedestrian Features Verified

• Pedestrian Button Detection
• Safe Traffic Halt
• Dedicated PED_WALK State
• Automatic Traffic Recovery

The controller successfully processes pedestrian requests without compromising traffic safety.

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📈 Complete FSM Verification

Verified Signals

• clk
• rst
• current_state
• next_state
• timer_count
• ped_button
• emergency
• NS_G
• NS_Y
• NS_R
• EW_G
• EW_Y
• EW_R

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✅ Simulation Results

Test Case	Result
Reset Functionality	✅ PASS
NS Green Operation	✅ PASS
NS Yellow Operation	✅ PASS
Pedestrian Request	✅ PASS
Pedestrian Walk State	✅ PASS
EW Green Operation	✅ PASS
EW Yellow Operation	✅ PASS
Emergency Override	✅ PASS
Emergency Recovery	✅ PASS
FSM Recovery	✅ PASS

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📊 Interactive Streamlit Dashboard

Dashboard Features

• Live Traffic Monitoring
• Signal Status Tracking
• Pedestrian Analytics
• Emergency Event Monitoring
• Traffic Statistics
• FSM State Tracking
• Traffic Visualization

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🖼️ Project Gallery

Architecture

FSM Diagram

Dashboard

Verification Waveform

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🚀 Applications

• Smart Cities
• Intelligent Transportation Systems
• Urban Traffic Management
• Emergency Response Networks
• FPGA-Based Controllers
• Embedded Systems
• VLSI Design Projects
• Academic Research

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🔮 Future Enhancements

• Vehicle Density Detection
• Adaptive Signal Timing
• AI-Based Traffic Optimization
• IoT Traffic Monitoring
• Multi-Junction Synchronization
• Camera-Based Traffic Analysis
• FPGA Hardware Deployment
• Cloud-Based Traffic Analytics

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🛠️ Technologies Used

Hardware Design

• FPGA Design Methodology
• RTL Design
• FSM Modeling

Languages

• SystemVerilog
• Python

Verification Tools

• Icarus Verilog
• GTKWave

Dashboard

• Streamlit
• Pandas
• Plotly

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📄 Documentation

Detailed project documentation is available in:

docs/project_report.pdf

Additional reports:

reports/simulation_report.md
waveforms/waveform_analysis.md

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👩‍💻 Author

Vaishnava Devi

B.Sc Digital & Cyber Forensic Science

🔗 GitHub: https://github.com/VaishnavaDevi-R

🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vaishnava-devi-141142321/

🔗 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/_vaishforge_/

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🌟 Support

If you found this project useful:

⭐ Star this repository

🍴 Fork the repository

📢 Share with others

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📜 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.

See the LICENSE file for more information.