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[None][feat] Report per-request speculative-decoding acceptance on the response - #19311

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@debermudez

@debermudez debermudez commented Sep 17, 2026 •

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Background

TensorRT-LLM already computes per-request speculative-decoding acceptance on the PyTorch backend, then discards the attribution at the HTTP boundary. The exact (accepted, drafted) totals reach the serve layer and go only to the server-side perf-metrics JSONL; the per-position vectors are consumed into the Prometheus counters, where collector.py sums them across every request. There is no surface from which an HTTP client can obtain per-request acceptance:

Surface Why it does not work
GET /metrics Per iteration, not per request — one iteration touches many requests via in-flight batching, so specDecodingStats is a batch rollup. Also drained on read into a deque(maxlen=1000) that evicts silently.
GET /prometheus/metrics Cumulative over server lifetime, summed across all requests. ~32 fixed time series regardless of request count.
Response headers build_metrics_headers() emits only timing and step breakdowns; no spec field. Server-Timing is a flat name;dur= list, so it structurally cannot carry a histogram.
trtllm.perf_metrics SSE event Built by JSON-serializing that same headers dict, so it inherits the same limitation.
perf_metrics_output_dir JSONL Has the data, but it is a file on the server's filesystem.

Benchmarking tools consequently cannot report acceptance length per request. This is a known gap — tests/integration/defs/perf/test_perf_sanity.py carries CI exemptions noting that aiperf does not propagate TRT-LLM's non-standard avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter field.

Summary

Two commits, reviewable independently.

1. [fix] per-position arrays truncating at 16 positions. MAX_SPEC_DECODE_POSITIONS = 16 was bounding two unrelated things: per-request buffer size (an accuracy concern) and Prometheus token_position label cardinality (an operational one). The second was emergent, not stated — MetricsCollector iterates range(len(per_pos_drafted)) with no clamp of its own, so the cardinality bound held only because the arrays happened to be length 16.

That means max_draft_len > 16, reachable with EAGLE3 dynamic-tree and Medusa, silently drops every position past 16, and the existing trtllm_spec_decode_{drafted,accepted}_tokens_total counters under-report with no indication anything was lost.

The two concerns are separated: the arrays grow on demand in the accumulator, and an explicit MAX_SPEC_DECODE_POSITION_LABELS clamp moves to MetricsCollector where cardinality actually matters. MAX_SPEC_DECODE_POSITIONS is retained as the initial allocation size, so the common case never reallocates. This commit stands alone as a bug fix and is a prerequisite for the emitted payload below being trustworthy.

2. [feat] emit acceptance per choice. Added as speculative_decoding on each response choice, beside the existing avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter — which already establishes a per-request spec-decode field in the response body.

{
  "index": 0,
  "message": {"role": "assistant", "content": "..."},
  "finish_reason": "stop",
  "avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter": 2.5,
  "speculative_decoding": {
    "acceptance_rate": 0.5,
    "total_accepted_draft_tokens": 30,
    "total_draft_tokens": 60,
    "num_spec_steps": 20,
    "acceptance_histogram": [8, 0, 6, 6],
    "num_spec_tokens": 3
  }
}

No new instrumentation. Every value is already an attribute on GenerationResultBase, which is exactly what the four OpenAI postprocess handlers already receive — so this is a serializer, not a probe.

per_pos_accepted is prefix-cumulative and therefore a survival function, so the acceptance histogram is its negative first difference. Totals come from spec_dec_totals, which the executor accumulates exactly, rather than from summing the (previously capped) vectors.

Mean acceptance length is deliberately not a field: it would duplicate avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter on the same choice and the two could drift. Consumers derive it as 1 + total_accepted_draft_tokens / num_spec_steps.

Enablement

Server-side only, via a new per_request_spec_decode_stats TorchLlmArgs field (status="prototype"), set through the YAML passed to --extra_llm_api_options. Off by default.

This deliberately differs from return_perf_metrics, which additionally requires a per-request X-TRTLLM-return-metrics header. Benchmarking clients discover this payload by shape rather than being told which engine they are talking to, so requiring a vendor-specific request header would mean a client must already know it is talking to TensorRT-LLM in order to find out. The cost stays opt-in because an operator who does not set the field pays nothing.

Kept independent of return_perf_metrics, which also mounts the Prometheus endpoint — coupling them would mean asking for acceptance numbers silently starts a metrics server.

Correctness

Three identities hold on every emitted payload, and a consumer may rely on them:

sum(acceptance_histogram)        == num_spec_steps
sum(j * acceptance_histogram[j]) == total_accepted_draft_tokens
total_accepted_draft_tokens      <= total_draft_tokens

Verified end to end against a live trtllm-serve run (20/20 requests, 0% errors) with a benchmarking client consuming the field. Summed across the run, the pooled histogram reconciles exactly:

Check Computed Reported
sum(pooled_histogram) 1624+207+64+42+35 = 1972 total steps = 1972
sum(j x histogram[j]) 207+128+126+140 = 601 total accepted = 601
601/7813 7.6923076923% overall acceptance rate = 7.6923076923076925
1 + 601/1972 1.304766734279919 token-weighted acceptance length = 1.304766734279919

The derived quantities match to the full float. num_spec_tokens: 4 was read correctly from speculative_config, and the histogram was sized max_draft_len + 1.

Known limits

  • PyTorch backend only. The C++/TRT path populates spec metrics via updateNumTokensPerIteration and has no per-position vectors, so the field is simply absent there.
  • Not wired for /v1/responses, whose schema has no choices array to attach to.
  • num_spec_tokens is null under draft_len_schedule, where the per-step bound varies by batch size — the honest answer rather than a guess.
  • Tree drafting: total_draft_tokens counts paths, not tree nodes, mirroring the getMaxDraftPathLen clamp in updateNumTokensPerIteration. The histogram is tree-agnostic by construction — it records output lengths per step and encodes no parent/child structure.
  • Disaggregated serving is untested.

Test coverage

  • tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py (new) — histogram derivation, the three identities, padding to the configured budget, adaptive drafting, deep drafting past the initial capacity, and every omission path. Registered in l0_a10.yml.
  • tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_dec_stats_pairing.py — cases for growth past the initial capacity and for the common case not reallocating.
  • tests/unittest/metrics/test_collector.py — label cardinality stays capped when the arrays run deep.
  • TorchLlmArgs change reflected in the API-stability reference and the golden manifest.

API stability

Additive with a default, so api-compatible. Touches tests/unittest/api_stability/references/llm.yaml and tensorrt_llm/usage/llm_args_golden_manifest.json; please confirm the manifest matches a fresh run of scripts/generate_llm_args_golden_manifest.py in CI.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Dev Engineer Review

  • Adds opt-in per-request speculative-decoding statistics to PyTorch chat and completion response choices.
  • Grows executor position arrays on demand and caps Prometheus position labels at 16.
  • Omits statistics when the opt-in is disabled or the required per-request data is unavailable. Variable draft-length schedules report no fixed num_spec_tokens bound.
  • Adds the TorchLlmArgs option and updates its compatibility references.
  • The latest working-tree diff shows import-formatting changes in py_executor.py and llm_args.py; it does not show additional behavior changes.

QA Engineer Review

  • Tests cover position-array pairing and growth, statistics derivation and invariants, drafting modes, omission conditions, server option propagation, serialization, and metric label cardinality.
  • test_spec_dec_stats_pairing.py, test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py, and test_spec_decode_serialization.py are included in the A10 PyTorch CI list.
  • The supplied A10 list excerpt does not show the metrics collector or API-stability tests.
  • Test execution results were not supplied.
  • Coverage verdict: sufficient for the described behavior; test execution remains unconfirmed.

Per-File QA Perspective

  • tensorrt_llm/_torch/pyexecutor/py_executor.py: Verify that position arrays grow when observed drafting depth exceeds their current capacity, without unnecessary growth within capacity.
  • tensorrt_llm/executor/postproc_worker.py: Verify that the new controls default to disabled and support unspecified fixed draft length.
  • tensorrt_llm/llmapi/llm_args.py: Verify that per_request_spec_decode_stats defaults to False. The latest working-tree changes shown are import formatting only.
  • tensorrt_llm/metrics/collector.py: Verify that per-position metric labels stop at positions 0–15 when arrays contain more positions.
  • tensorrt_llm/serve/openai_protocol.py: Verify statistics serialization for chat and completion choices, including streaming choices, and omission when absent.
  • tensorrt_llm/serve/openai_server.py: Verify opt-in propagation and fixed-bound resolution, including None for variable draft schedules.
  • tensorrt_llm/serve/postprocess_handlers.py: Verify the eligibility checks, aggregate statistics, and histogram derivation for completed responses.
  • tensorrt_llm/usage/llm_args_golden_manifest.json: Verify the new argument is represented in the golden manifest.
  • tests/integration/test_lists/test-db/l0_a10.yml: Adds the pairing, payload, and serialization tests to the A10 PyTorch CI list.
  • tests/unittest/api_stability/references/llm.yaml: Verify the prototype option and its default in the API reference.
  • tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_dec_stats_pairing.py: Covers verified-token pairing, deep drafting, and buffer capacity; listed in the A10 CI list.
  • tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py: Covers histogram derivation, drafting bounds, omission cases, and server propagation; listed in the A10 CI list.
  • tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_serialization.py: Covers absent and present statistics across response-choice serialization modes; listed in the A10 CI list.
  • tests/unittest/metrics/test_collector.py: Covers speculative-decoding metric behavior and the position-label limit; the supplied A10 list excerpt does not show this test.

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Walkthrough

The change adds opt-in speculative-decoding statistics to chat and completion responses. It preserves per-position data beyond the initial capacity and limits per-position metric labels to 16 positions.

Changes

Speculative decoding statistics

Layer / File(s) Summary
Statistics configuration and response contract
tensorrt_llm/llmapi/llm_args.py, tensorrt_llm/executor/postproc_worker.py, tensorrt_llm/serve/openai_protocol.py, tensorrt_llm/usage/llm_args_golden_manifest.json, tests/unittest/api_stability/references/llm.yaml, tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_serialization.py
Configuration and response models define optional speculative-decoding statistics for streaming and non-streaming chat and completion choices. Serialization omits absent statistics and retains unrelated optional fields.
Dynamic per-position accumulation
tensorrt_llm/_torch/pyexecutor/py_executor.py, tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_dec_stats_pairing.py
Per-position draft and accepted-token arrays grow for deeper drafts. Tests cover expansion and reuse within the initial capacity.
Server wiring and response construction
tensorrt_llm/serve/openai_server.py, tensorrt_llm/serve/postprocess_handlers.py, tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py, tests/integration/test_lists/test-db/l0_a10.yml
The server propagates the opt-in and draft-token bound. Postprocessing derives statistics and attaches them to eligible responses. Tests cover derivation, omission conditions, and server propagation.
Bounded metric label export
tensorrt_llm/metrics/collector.py, tests/unittest/metrics/test_collector.py
Per-position metric labels are limited to positions 0 through 15. Tests verify that deeper input arrays do not create additional series.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Change: Feature

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant OpenAIServer
  participant PostprocArgs
  participant PostprocessHandlers
  participant Executor
  participant OpenAIResponse
  OpenAIServer->>PostprocArgs: enable speculative-decoding statistics and set draft-token bound
  PostprocessHandlers->>Executor: read totals and per-position vectors
  PostprocessHandlers->>OpenAIResponse: attach SpeculativeDecodingStats
Loading

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 6042f

The opt-in statistics feature has targeted coverage for its response contract, accumulation behavior, and server wiring. No actionable current-head risk remains.

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 23.64% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 55 functions across 11 files. (1 skipped:… Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Title check ✅ Passed The title follows the repository format and clearly summarizes the main change: reporting per-request speculative-decoding acceptance in responses.
Description check ✅ Passed The description explains the problem, solution, enablement, limitations, and API impact. It also lists relevant test coverage and reported validation.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

Docstring coverage is 23.64% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 55 functions across 11 files. (1 skipped: 1 unsupported.)

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Actionable comments posted: 2

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Inline comments:
In `@tensorrt_llm/serve/openai_server.py`:
- Line 3158: Update handle_non_streaming_response and handle_streaming_response
to pass speculative_decoding into ChatCompletionResponseChoice and terminal
ChatCompletionResponseStreamChoice objects, preserving the opt-in behavior from
_apply_spec_decode_stats_opt_in. Add tests covering non-streaming and terminal
streaming GPT-OSS responses that assert the speculative-decoding payload.

In `@tensorrt_llm/serve/postprocess_handlers.py`:
- Around line 753-754: Configure the response choice models so only the
speculative_decoding field is excluded when its value is None, without applying
broad exclude_none behavior to other optional fields. Update the serialization
paths using model_dump or model_dump_json, including
completion_stream_post_processor and non-streaming chat/completion responses,
and add regression coverage for chat and completion in both streaming and
non-streaming modes asserting the key is absent when _build_spec_decode_stats
returns None.

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debermudez force-pushed the dbermudez/spec-decode-per-request-stats branch from 22591ff to c15559a Compare September 17, 2026 16:46

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Actionable comments posted: 2


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
In `@tensorrt_llm/serve/openai_server.py`:
- Around line 1961-1965: Add regression tests for OpenAIServer chat and
completion request wiring by capturing _postproc_params.postproc_args passed to
generate_async. Verify disabled _per_request_spec_decode_stats leaves both
spec-decode fields unchanged, while enabled configuration sets
return_spec_decode_stats and propagates _spec_decode_num_spec_tokens for fixed
and adaptive draft bounds; cover the chat and completion call paths separately.

In `@tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_dec_stats_pairing.py`:
- Around line 137-138: Strengthen the test around _accumulate by saving the
original py_per_pos_drafted and py_per_pos_accepted references before
accumulation, then assert both request attributes retain object identity
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Comment thread tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_dec_stats_pairing.py
@debermudez
debermudez force-pushed the dbermudez/spec-decode-per-request-stats branch from c15559a to 20d7d62 Compare September 17, 2026 17:19

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🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py (1)

71-79: 🎯 Functional Correctness | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Add a regression case for a smaller configured budget.

Coverage summary: TestHistogramDerivation covers histogram identities, padding, adaptive sizing, and deep drafting. TestOmission, TestNumSpecTokensResolution, and TestServerOptIn cover omission, resolution, and opt-in paths. The file is wired into l0_a10.yml. Coverage verdict: needs follow-up.

_build_spec_decode_stats uses max(deepest, num_spec_tokens) to preserve observed acceptance depth. Existing cases do not exercise num_spec_tokens < deepest. Add param([3, 3, 1], 3, (7, 9), 1, [0, 0, 2, 1], id="observed_depth_exceeds_budget"). This valid survival input would detect regression to histogram truncation.

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In `@tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py` around lines 71 -
79, Add a parametrized regression case to the test covering
_build_spec_decode_stats, using survival [3, 3, 1], steps 3, totals (7, 9),
num_spec_tokens 1, and expected histogram [0, 0, 2, 1], with the identifier
observed_depth_exceeds_budget. This must exercise observed acceptance depth
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Nitpick comments:
In `@tests/unittest/executor/test_spec_decode_stats_payload.py`:
- Around line 71-79: Add a parametrized regression case to the test covering
_build_spec_decode_stats, using survival [3, 3, 1], steps 3, totals (7, 9),
num_spec_tokens 1, and expected histogram [0, 0, 2, 1], with the identifier
observed_depth_exceeds_budget. This must exercise observed acceptance depth
exceeding the configured budget.

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@debermudez
debermudez force-pushed the dbermudez/spec-decode-per-request-stats branch from 20d7d62 to aea8df5 Compare September 21, 2026 22:05
@svc-trtllm-gh-bot svc-trtllm-gh-bot added the Community want to contribute PRs initiated from Community label Sep 21, 2026
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QiJune requested a review from mikeiovine September 22, 2026 02:48
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debermudez and others added 5 commits September 23, 2026 15:22
py_per_pos_drafted / py_per_pos_accepted were clamped to
MAX_SPEC_DECODE_POSITIONS (16) in PyExecutor._accumulate_spec_dec_stats,
silently dropping every position beyond it. max_draft_len can exceed 16
under tree drafting (EAGLE3 dynamic-tree, Medusa), so in those
configurations the arrays stopped reconciling with
py_total_accepted_draft_tokens -- which is exact -- and the
trtllm_spec_decode_{drafted,accepted}_tokens_total per-position counters
under-reported with no indication anything was lost.

The constant was bounding two unrelated things: per-request buffer size,
an accuracy concern, and Prometheus token_position label cardinality, an
operational one. The second was emergent rather than stated --
MetricsCollector iterates range(len(per_pos_drafted)) with no clamp of
its own, so the cardinality bound held only because the arrays happened
to be length 16.

Separate the two: grow the arrays on demand in the accumulator, and add
an explicit MAX_SPEC_DECODE_POSITION_LABELS clamp in MetricsCollector.
MAX_SPEC_DECODE_POSITIONS is retained as the initial allocation size, so
the common case (max_draft_len <= 16) never reallocates, and the two
limits can now move independently.

Signed-off-by: Elias Bermudez <dbermudez@nvidia.com>
…response

TRT-LLM already computes per-request speculative-decoding acceptance on
the PyTorch backend, but discards the attribution at the HTTP boundary:
the exact (accepted, drafted) totals reach the serve layer and are
written only to the server-side perf-metrics JSONL, and the per-position
vectors are consumed into Prometheus counters, which sum across every
request. A benchmarking client therefore cannot obtain per-request
acceptance at all.

Emit it per choice as `speculative_decoding`, alongside the existing
`avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter`, which already establishes a per-request
spec-decode field in the response body. No new instrumentation: every
value is already an attribute on GenerationResultBase, which is what the
postprocess handlers already receive.

`per_pos_accepted` is prefix-cumulative and therefore a survival
function, so the acceptance histogram is its negative first difference.
Totals come from `spec_dec_totals`, which the executor accumulates
exactly, rather than from summing the vectors. Mean acceptance length is
deliberately not a field: it would duplicate
`avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter` on the same choice and the two could
drift; consumers derive it as 1 + accepted/steps.

Enablement is server-side only, via the `per_request_spec_decode_stats`
TorchLlmArgs field. This deliberately differs from `return_perf_metrics`,
which additionally requires a per-request `X-TRTLLM-return-metrics`
header: benchmarking clients discover this payload by shape rather than
being told which engine they are talking to, so requiring a
vendor-specific request header would mean the client must already know it
is talking to TensorRT-LLM in order to find out. The cost stays opt-in
because an operator who does not set the field pays nothing. Kept
independent of `return_perf_metrics`, which also mounts the Prometheus
endpoint -- coupling them would mean asking for acceptance numbers
silently starts a metrics server.

Off by default. Absent for requests that never drafted, on non-terminal
stream chunks, and on the C++/TRT backend, which has no per-position
vectors. Not wired for /v1/responses, whose schema has no choices array
to attach to.

Signed-off-by: Elias Bermudez <dbermudez@nvidia.com>
Per-request spec-decode stats are off by default, so nearly every response
carries none. The field must then be absent from the wire rather than
present as null: the serving layer dumps responses several ways -- plain
model_dump() for non-streaming chat and completions, exclude_unset=False
for the completions stream, exclude_none=True for the chat stream -- and
only the last would have dropped the null on its own. Every other user
would have gained a "speculative_decoding": null key whether or not they
enabled per_request_spec_decode_stats.

Add a field-scoped serializer on the four choice models that drops the
key when it holds nothing. Deliberately not blanket exclude_none, which
would also strip unrelated optional fields clients may rely on being
present -- avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter sits on these same models and must
keep serializing as null. Regression tests cover every dump style the
serving layer uses, in both directions, plus that scoping.

Also drop the spec-decode opt-in from the Harmony path, where it was dead
configuration. The Harmony handlers build their choices in
harmony_adapter, which carries no per-request spec-decode data at all --
avg_decoded_tokens_per_iter is absent from that path too -- so the flag
configured something nothing reads. Extending Harmony should cover both
fields together and needs handle_non_streaming_response to receive the
GenerationResult, which today it does not.

Signed-off-by: Elias Bermudez <dbermudez@nvidia.com>
Two review findings, both about tests that could pass while the behaviour
they name was broken.

The no-reallocation test asserted only array length, which still holds if
the accumulator rebuilds a same-sized list on every step -- exactly the
per-step cost the test exists to rule out. Assert object identity instead,
which is what pins in-place growth.

Nothing covered the server opt-in wiring: the payload tests drove
_build_spec_decode_stats with synthetic arguments, so a server that
resolved its configuration correctly but never applied it would emit
nothing and no test would notice.

Covering that needed a refactor first. The bound resolution was inline in
OpenAIServer.__init__, reachable only by constructing a server, so extract
it as resolve_spec_decode_num_spec_tokens. That value is emitted as
num_spec_tokens and sizes the acceptance histogram, so a wrong answer
makes every histogram the wrong width -- worth testing directly rather
than through a server fixture. Tests cover both halves: resolution (no
speculative config, fixed max_draft_len, draft_len_schedule reporting no
bound) and application (disabled leaves the args untouched, enabled
propagates either bound).

These reach the two helpers rather than the endpoints, so they pin the
opt-in logic but not the presence of the call sites in openai_chat and
openai_completion. Driving a request end to end needs tokenizer, dataset
and postproc-worker plumbing that is a much larger harness than this
change warrants.

Signed-off-by: Elias Bermudez <dbermudez@nvidia.com>
With n > 1 every candidate runs as its own child request with its own
spec-decode counters, but GenerationResultBase kept a single request-level
copy that each candidate's response overwrote. The formatters built every
choice's speculative_decoding from that copy, so all choices reported
whichever candidate responded last.

_handle_sequence now captures each sequence's counters on its own
CompletionOutput (private, init=False, so the LLM API surface is unchanged),
and all four formatters read them from there. A new test drives two
candidates with different counters through a real GenerationResultBase and
each formatter; it fails on the old code with the last candidate's stats on
every choice.

Also applies the ruff/ruff-format fixes the pre-commit CI check requested on
the new spec-decode test files.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Elias Bermudez <dbermudez@nvidia.com>
@debermudez
debermudez force-pushed the dbermudez/spec-decode-per-request-stats branch from 53b4428 to cf87aca Compare September 23, 2026 22:24
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Automatically added "ci: full pre-merge approved" because this PR has satisfied the required GitHub review approvals. Unresolved review conversations and other required checks remain independent merge requirements.

@allisonlim-nv allisonlim-nv added the api-compatible Accepted LLM API contract change that is backwards-compatible label Sep 25, 2026 — with ChatGPT Codex Connector
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