GLEN: Graph Laplacian Learning with Exponential Family Noise

A common challenge in applying graph machine learning methods is that the underlying graph of a system is often unknown. Although different graph inference methods have been proposed for continuous graph signals, inferring the graph structure underlying other types of data, such as discrete counts, is under-explored. In this paper, we generalize a graph signal processing (GSP) framework for learning a graph from smooth graph signals to the exponential family noise distribution to model various data types. We propose an alternating algorithm that estimates the graph Laplacian as well as the unobserved smooth representation from the noisy signals. We demonstrate in synthetic and real-world data that our new algorithm outperforms competing Laplacian estimation methods under noise model mismatch.

Citation

@ARTICLE{glen,
  author={Shi, Changhao and Mishne, Gal},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks}, 
  title={Graph Laplacian Learning With Exponential Family Noise}, 
  year={2025},
  volume={11},
  number={},
  pages={641-654},
  keywords={Laplace equations;Noise;Adaptation models;Filters;Symmetric matrices;Sparse matrices;Noise measurement;Data models;Inference algorithms;Vectors;Network inference;graph learning;graph signal processing;exponential family distributions},
  doi={10.1109/TSIPN.2025.3572698}
}