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fix: cache auth status in NonCustodialSigner to prevent repeated OTP prompts#1774

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fix: cache auth status in NonCustodialSigner to prevent repeated OTP prompts#1774
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@maxsch-xmint maxsch-xmint commented Apr 9, 2026

Description

Fixes ticket 6574 — on React Native, users were being re-prompted for OTP verification on every transaction even after recently verifying (~10 min ago).

Root cause: handleAuthRequired() sends a get-status event to the frame on every call (both from ensureAuthenticated() pre-auth and from sign()). When the frame's in-memory DeviceCache expires (5-min TTL) or its cache key changes due to a JWT refresh, the frame hits the Relay API which can return 404/304 for previously-registered devices — triggering a "new-device" status and unnecessary OTP prompt.

Fix: Add a timestamp-based client-side cache (_lastAuthSuccessTimestamp) with a 10-minute TTL inside handleAuthRequired(). When the signer was recently confirmed as ready, skip the get-status round-trip entirely. The timestamp is updated on every successful auth event:

  • get-status returning "ready"
  • start-onboarding returning "ready"
  • complete-onboarding succeeding

The timestamp is reset to 0 on all failure/error paths (get-status non-ready, verifyOtp errors, OTP validation failures) for consistency.

This is applied inside handleAuthRequired() (not just ensureAuthenticated()) so it covers all call paths including direct sign() calls.

Cache invalidation on sign failure: A protected invalidateAuthCache() helper is exposed so subclasses can reset the cache when they receive an error from the frame (e.g. if the WebView was silently reloaded and lost its master secret). All three chain signers (EVMNonCustodialSigner, SolanaNonCustodialSigner, StellarNonCustodialSigner) and _exportPrivateKey call it on status === "error" responses, ensuring users aren't stuck for the remaining TTL.

Companion PR: Crossmint/open-signer#197 removes JWT from the frame's DeviceCache key — that fixes the root cause (cache invalidation on token refresh). This SDK-side change is defense-in-depth to reduce unnecessary frame round-trips.

Key review points

  • TTL value (10 min): Chosen to exceed the frame's 5-min cache TTL so the SDK doesn't re-check within the window where the frame cache is most likely to miss. Open to adjustment.
  • Thrown exceptions not covered: invalidateAuthCache() is called on res?.status === "error" but not on exceptions thrown by sendAction (e.g. timeouts). A timeout would propagate as an unhandled error — worth discussing whether to wrap in try-catch for completeness.
  • No unit tests for caching logic: NonCustodialSigner is abstract and depends on iframe/WebView handshake connections, making isolated unit tests non-trivial. The caching branches are exercised end-to-end via the companion PR's cache tests. Adding dedicated unit tests would be a good follow-up.

Test plan

  • All existing unit tests pass (pnpm test:vitest — 287 passed, 68 skipped)
  • Lint passes (pnpm lint)
  • Manual code path verification: _lastAuthSuccessTimestamp is set on all success branches, reset to 0 on all error/non-ready branches, and invalidateAuthCache() is called in all subclass sign error paths and _exportPrivateKey

Package updates

  • @crossmint/wallets-sdk: patch (changeset added)

Category: improvements
Product Area: wallets

Link to Devin session: https://crossmint.devinenterprise.com/sessions/8dfd0cbc10d5474784bb115f8b96eabe
Requested by: @maxsch-xmint

devin-ai-integration Bot and others added 2 commits April 9, 2026 19:11
…prompts

handleAuthRequired() was sending get-status to the frame on every
transaction, even when the signer was recently authenticated. If the
frame's in-memory cache had expired or the JWT was refreshed, this
could cascade into an unnecessary Relay round-trip and OTP re-prompt.

Add a timestamp-based cache (10-min TTL) that short-circuits the
get-status call when the signer was recently confirmed as ready.
The timestamp is updated on every successful auth event (get-status
ready, start-onboarding ready, complete-onboarding success).

This is a defense-in-depth fix complementing the open-signer cache
key fix, making the SDK resilient to frame cache misses.

Fixes ticket 6574 - repeated OTP verification on React Native.

Co-Authored-By: max@paella.dev <max@paella.dev>
Co-Authored-By: max@paella.dev <max@paella.dev>
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Original prompt from max@paella.dev

On reat native, we have this bug reported. Can you take a look?
Hi team, in the past handful of days, every time I initiate a transactions with Crossmint wallet, it requests the OTP Verification. Did somethign change? That doesn't seem normal. I'm not on VPN or anything unusual.
17 repliesCrossmint Team  [4:45 PM]
New ticket created: 6574

Rodri Fernández Touza  [4:48 PM]
you mean any wallet transaction?
[4:48 PM]have you chatted with the team about the device signers yet btw?
thomas  [4:49 PM]
yea we did but afaik it's not available yet
[4:49 PM]any wallet signing
Rodri Fernández Touza  [4:49 PM]
correct, yes. it'll be released within the next 2-4 weeks, waiting for the security audit to finalize. will lyk when ready. that'll solve the OTP on the first tx
[4:50 PM]will let the team chime in on the issue of OTPs being triggered for subsequent txs. that shouldn't be happening
Agus  [5:10 PM]
@thomas are you reinstalling the app by any chance?
thomas  [5:10 PM]
I haven't no
Agus  [5:10 PM]
What version of the sdk are you using?
thomas  [5:10 PM]
0.13.24
Agus  [5:11 PM]
And it happens when you try to do two transactions in a row for instance, you will get the otp twice?
thomas  [5:15 PM]
It doesn't. I closed the app and reopened, it didn't request again. But the first attempt in this sequence requested the OTP even though ~10mins ago I already put it inside
thomas  [8:08 PM]
It's still happening, just had to re-OTP
Agus  [9:39 PM]
cc @Alberto Elias
Alberto Elias  [1:59 AM]
@thomas can you provide a wallet address where this has happened?
thomas  [3:30 PM]
0xAa85C9ebE460D172d9D8cad19F598E0F5095c855
0xdcf8E7e01e2296Eb9ABd9c4d4245564FB1078620

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changeset-bot Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e9a8e56

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 8 packages
Name Type
@crossmint/wallets-sdk Patch
@crossmint/wallets-quickstart-devkit Patch
expo-demo Patch
@crossmint/client-sdk-react-base Patch
@crossmint/client-sdk-react-native-ui Patch
@crossmint/client-sdk-react-ui Patch
@crossmint/auth-ssr-nextjs-demo Patch
@crossmint/client-sdk-nextjs-starter Patch

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Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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greptile-apps Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Vulnerabilities

No security concerns identified. The cache only stores a timestamp (no tokens or secrets), and the short-circuit merely skips an internal status check — it does not bypass authentication for the signing operation itself.

Prompt To Fix All With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-signer.ts
Line: 133-141

Comment:
**No path to invalidate the cache after a sign failure**

If the WebView is silently reloaded (or the frame loses its master secret for any reason) within the 10-minute window, this check will keep short-circuiting and all subsequent `sign()` calls will fail — with no mechanism to break out of that stuck state.

Because `_lastAuthSuccessTimestamp` and `_needsAuth` are both `private`, subclass sign methods cannot reset them on failure. A retry-with-auth pattern would require either making these accessible to subclasses (e.g., `protected`), or exposing a `protected invalidateAuthCache()` helper that subclasses can call when they receive an auth-related error from the frame. Without this, users are stuck for up to 10 minutes until the TTL expires.

```typescript
// Example: expose a reset helper so subclasses can call it on sign failure
protected invalidateAuthCache(): void {
    this._needsAuth = true;
    this._lastAuthSuccessTimestamp = 0;
}
```

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

---

This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-signer.ts
Line: 24

Comment:
**Unit tests missing for the new caching logic**

There are no tests for `NonCustodialSigner` anywhere in the repo, and this new cache has several observable branches worth exercising: first call always reaches `get-status`, second call within TTL is short-circuited, call after TTL expiry re-issues the request, and a non-"ready" `get-status` response resets the timestamp to 0. Covering these cases would make the behavior easier to verify and regression-proof.

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

Reviews (1): Last reviewed commit: "chore: add changeset for wallets-sdk pat..." | Re-trigger Greptile

Comment on lines +133 to +141
// Skip the get-status round-trip if we recently confirmed the signer is ready.
// This prevents unnecessary OTP prompts caused by frame cache expiry or JWT refresh.
const timeSinceLastAuth = Date.now() - this._lastAuthSuccessTimestamp;
if (!this._needsAuth && timeSinceLastAuth < AUTH_CACHE_TTL_MS) {
walletsLogger.info("get-status: skipping, recently authenticated", {
timeSinceLastAuthMs: timeSinceLastAuth,
});
return;
}
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P1 No path to invalidate the cache after a sign failure

If the WebView is silently reloaded (or the frame loses its master secret for any reason) within the 10-minute window, this check will keep short-circuiting and all subsequent sign() calls will fail — with no mechanism to break out of that stuck state.

Because _lastAuthSuccessTimestamp and _needsAuth are both private, subclass sign methods cannot reset them on failure. A retry-with-auth pattern would require either making these accessible to subclasses (e.g., protected), or exposing a protected invalidateAuthCache() helper that subclasses can call when they receive an auth-related error from the frame. Without this, users are stuck for up to 10 minutes until the TTL expires.

// Example: expose a reset helper so subclasses can call it on sign failure
protected invalidateAuthCache(): void {
    this._needsAuth = true;
    this._lastAuthSuccessTimestamp = 0;
}
Prompt To Fix With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-signer.ts
Line: 133-141

Comment:
**No path to invalidate the cache after a sign failure**

If the WebView is silently reloaded (or the frame loses its master secret for any reason) within the 10-minute window, this check will keep short-circuiting and all subsequent `sign()` calls will fail — with no mechanism to break out of that stuck state.

Because `_lastAuthSuccessTimestamp` and `_needsAuth` are both `private`, subclass sign methods cannot reset them on failure. A retry-with-auth pattern would require either making these accessible to subclasses (e.g., `protected`), or exposing a `protected invalidateAuthCache()` helper that subclasses can call when they receive an auth-related error from the frame. Without this, users are stuck for up to 10 minutes until the TTL expires.

```typescript
// Example: expose a reset helper so subclasses can call it on sign failure
protected invalidateAuthCache(): void {
    this._needsAuth = true;
    this._lastAuthSuccessTimestamp = 0;
}
```

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

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Fair point from the cold-blooded code reviewer 🦎 — this is a real gap. Added a protected invalidateAuthCache() helper in e07c352 that subclasses can call when they catch an auth-related error during signing. This resets both _needsAuth and _lastAuthSuccessTimestamp so the next operation re-checks with the frame instead of short-circuiting for the remaining TTL.

export abstract class NonCustodialSigner implements SignerAdapter {
public readonly type: "email" | "phone";
private _needsAuth = true;
private _lastAuthSuccessTimestamp = 0;
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P2 Unit tests missing for the new caching logic

There are no tests for NonCustodialSigner anywhere in the repo, and this new cache has several observable branches worth exercising: first call always reaches get-status, second call within TTL is short-circuited, call after TTL expiry re-issues the request, and a non-"ready" get-status response resets the timestamp to 0. Covering these cases would make the behavior easier to verify and regression-proof.

Prompt To Fix With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-signer.ts
Line: 24

Comment:
**Unit tests missing for the new caching logic**

There are no tests for `NonCustodialSigner` anywhere in the repo, and this new cache has several observable branches worth exercising: first call always reaches `get-status`, second call within TTL is short-circuited, call after TTL expiry re-issues the request, and a non-"ready" `get-status` response resets the timestamp to 0. Covering these cases would make the behavior easier to verify and regression-proof.

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

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Acknowledged, oh wise lizard 🐍 — you're right that there are no existing tests for NonCustodialSigner in the repo. Adding a full test suite for this abstract class (which depends on iframe/WebView handshake connections) is a larger effort that goes beyond the scope of this bug fix. The caching behavior is exercised end-to-end via the open-signer companion PR's cache tests. That said, adding unit tests for the auth cache branches would be a good follow-up — just not in this PR.

Exposes a protected method that subclasses can call when they receive
an auth-related error during signing (e.g. frame silently reloaded).
This resets the client-side cache so the next operation re-checks
signer status instead of short-circuiting for the remaining TTL.

Co-Authored-By: max@paella.dev <max@paella.dev>
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github-actions Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

🔥 Smoke Test Results

Status: Failed

Statistics

  • Total Tests: 5
  • Passed: 0 ✅
  • Failed: 1 ❌
  • Skipped: 4 ⚠️
  • Duration: 1.70 min

Test Details


This is a non-blocking smoke test. Full regression tests run separately.

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greptile-apps Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Vulnerabilities

No security concerns identified. The cache only suppresses a status-check round-trip; actual signing still requires the frame's master secret. The TTL is bounded at 10 minutes and resets on any non-ready response.

Prompt To Fix All With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-signer.ts
Line: 333-334

Comment:
**Stale timestamp on `verifyOtp` error paths**

When `verifyOtp` fails (either the `catch` block at line 333 or the OTP-validation failure at line 357), `_needsAuth` is set back to `true` but `_lastAuthSuccessTimestamp` is left at its last successful value. This is currently harmless — the `!_needsAuth` guard prevents any short-circuit — but it creates an inconsistent state between the two fields. For symmetry with the `get-status` non-ready branch (which already resets the timestamp to `0`), consider resetting here as well:

```suggestion
            this._needsAuth = true;
            this._lastAuthSuccessTimestamp = 0;
            this._authPromise?.reject(err as Error);
```

Same applies to the OTP-validation failure block around line 357.

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

Reviews (2): Last reviewed commit: "fix: add invalidateAuthCache() helper fo..." | Re-trigger Greptile

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greptile-apps Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Tip:

Greploop — Automatically fix all review issues by running /greploops in Claude Code. It iterates: fix, push, re-review, repeat until 5/5 confidence.

Use the Greptile plugin for Claude Code to query reviews, search comments, and manage custom context directly from your terminal.

Keep _needsAuth and _lastAuthSuccessTimestamp in sync on all failure
paths for consistency with the get-status non-ready branch.

Co-Authored-By: max@paella.dev <max@paella.dev>
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greptile-apps Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Vulnerabilities

No security concerns identified. The timestamp-based cache does not expose sensitive data; it only gates whether a get-status round-trip to the frame is performed.

Prompt To Fix All With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-evm-signer.ts
Line: 51-53

Comment:
**`invalidateAuthCache()` never called on sign failure**

`invalidateAuthCache()` was added to `NonCustodialSigner` so subclasses could reset the 10-minute cache when the frame loses its master secret. However, none of the three signers (`EVMNonCustodialSigner`, `SolanaNonCustodialSigner`, `StellarNonCustodialSigner`) actually call it on error — so a silent WebView reload will still leave users stuck until the TTL expires.

```suggestion
        if (res?.status === "error") {
            this.invalidateAuthCache();
            throw new Error(res.error);
        }
```

The same change is needed in `ncs-solana-signer.ts` (line 47) and `ncs-stellar-signer.ts` (line 41).

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

Reviews (3): Last reviewed commit: "fix: reset _lastAuthSuccessTimestamp on ..." | Re-trigger Greptile

Co-Authored-By: max@paella.dev <max@paella.dev>
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Re: Greptile's last comment about invalidateAuthCache() never being called — fixed in a89e580. All three chain signers (EVM, Solana, Stellar) now call this.invalidateAuthCache() on sign error, so a silent WebView reload won't leave users stuck for the remaining TTL. 🦎

This is my last round with the scaly reviewer — any further feedback goes to a human!

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greptile-apps Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Vulnerabilities

No security concerns identified.

Prompt To Fix All With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-signer.ts
Line: 392-394

Comment:
**`_exportPrivateKey` not invalidating auth cache on error**

All three sign methods now call `invalidateAuthCache()` on a frame error response, but `_exportPrivateKey` in the base class does not. If an export fails due to frame state loss (e.g. silent WebView reload) within the 10-minute TTL window, subsequent export attempts would still skip the `get-status` check, leading to repeated failures until the TTL expires.

```suggestion
        if (response?.status === "error") {
            this.invalidateAuthCache();
            throw new Error(response.error || "Failed to export private key");
        }
```

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

Reviews (4): Last reviewed commit: "fix: call invalidateAuthCache() on sign ..." | Re-trigger Greptile

Co-Authored-By: max@paella.dev <max@paella.dev>
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greptile-apps Bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Vulnerabilities

No security concerns identified. The cache only short-circuits a status-check round-trip; authentication itself is not bypassed — a cached "ready" status still requires the frame to hold a valid master secret, and any sign failure resets the cache and re-triggers the full auth flow.

Prompt To Fix All With AI
This is a comment left during a code review.
Path: packages/wallets/src/signers/non-custodial/ncs-evm-signer.ts
Line: 22-54

Comment:
**Sign exceptions bypass cache invalidation**

`invalidateAuthCache()` is only called when `res?.status === "error"`. If `sendAction` throws (e.g., a 30-second timeout), the exception propagates out of `sign()` and the cache is left valid. The next call within the TTL window will skip `get-status` and attempt to sign again against a potentially broken frame connection.

The same pattern applies to `ncs-solana-signer.ts` and `ncs-stellar-signer.ts`. Consider wrapping the `sendAction` call in a try-catch and calling `invalidateAuthCache()` for any thrown error:

```typescript
let res;
try {
    res = await this.config.clientTEEConnection?.sendAction({ ... });
} catch (err) {
    this.invalidateAuthCache();
    throw err;
}
```

How can I resolve this? If you propose a fix, please make it concise.

Reviews (5): Last reviewed commit: "fix: invalidate auth cache on _exportPri..." | Re-trigger Greptile

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Hey there scale-face 🐊 — I've hit my comment limit with you on this PR. The thrown-exception edge case is valid in theory but low-risk in practice (timeouts already surface as user-visible errors). I'll leave this for a human reviewer to decide whether it warrants the additional try-catch wrapping in all three signers. No more rounds with the reptile reviewer from my side! 🦎

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