woksin · Oct 29, 2026 · Oct 27, 2026 · Oct 29, 2026 · Oct 29, 2026 · Oct 29, 2026
diff --git a/.github/scripts/run-specs.sh b/.github/scripts/run-specs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) Cratis. All rights reserved.
+# Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
+
+# Accept dotnet run arguments, including -- before native xUnit runner options.
+set -euo pipefail
+
+report_directory=$(mktemp -d)
+trap 'rm -rf -- "$report_directory"' EXIT
+report="$report_directory/results.xml"
+
+# set -e preserves a native failure without inspecting or replacing its exit code.
+dotnet run "$@" -result-xml "$report"
+
+python3 - "$report" <<'PY'
+import re
+import sys
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+
+try:
+    root = ET.parse(sys.argv[1]).getroot()
+    if root.tag != "assemblies":
+        raise ValueError("expected an assemblies root")
+    assemblies = list(root)
+    if not assemblies or any(assembly.tag != "assembly" for assembly in assemblies):
+        raise ValueError("expected assembly results")
+    totals = [assembly.get("total", "") for assembly in assemblies]
+    if any(re.fullmatch(r"[0-9]+", total) is None for total in totals):
+        raise ValueError("expected nonnegative integer assembly totals")
+    if sum(int(total) for total in totals) == 0:
+        raise ValueError("no tests selected")
+except (OSError, ET.ParseError, ValueError) as error:
+    print(f"Invalid xUnit report {sys.argv[1]}: {error}", file=sys.stderr)
+    sys.exit(1)
+PY
diff --git a/.github/scripts/run-specs.test.mjs b/.github/scripts/run-specs.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// Copyright (c) Cratis. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
+
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { spawnSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import { mkdtempSync, mkdirSync, readFileSync, readdirSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import { dirname, join } from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+
+const script = join(dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), 'run-specs.sh');
+const runnerArguments = ['--project', 'Safe.Specs.csproj', '--configuration', 'Debug', '--no-build', '--no-restore', '--', '-class', 'Safe.Specs.*'];
+
+function runWrapper(t, report, nativeExit = 0) {
+    const directory = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'run-specs-test-'));
+    t.after(() => rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+    const temporaryReports = join(directory, 'reports');
+    mkdirSync(temporaryReports);
+    const argumentsFile = join(directory, 'arguments.json');
+    writeFileSync(join(directory, 'dotnet'), `#!/usr/bin/env node
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const args = process.argv.slice(2);
+fs.writeFileSync(process.env.ARGUMENTS_FILE, JSON.stringify(args));
+if (process.env.REPORT_XML !== undefined) {
+    fs.writeFileSync(args[args.indexOf('-result-xml') + 1], process.env.REPORT_XML);
+}
+process.exit(Number(process.env.NATIVE_EXIT));
+`, { mode: 0o755 });
+    const env = {
+        ...process.env,
+        PATH: `${directory}:${process.env.PATH}`,
+        TMPDIR: temporaryReports,
+        ARGUMENTS_FILE: argumentsFile,
+        NATIVE_EXIT: String(nativeExit)
+    };
+    delete env.REPORT_XML;
+    if (report !== undefined) env.REPORT_XML = report;
+    const result = spawnSync('bash', [script, ...runnerArguments], { env, encoding: 'utf8' });
+    assert.equal(result.error, undefined);
+    assert.equal(result.signal, null);
+    assert.deepEqual(readdirSync(temporaryReports), []);
+    return { ...result, arguments: JSON.parse(readFileSync(argumentsFile, 'utf8')) };
+}
+
+test('accepts a positive sum across assemblies and forwards runner arguments', t => {
+    const result = runWrapper(t, '<assemblies><assembly total="0"/><assembly total="4"/></assemblies>');
+    assert.equal(result.status, 0, result.stderr);
+    assert.deepEqual(result.arguments.slice(0, -2), ['run', ...runnerArguments]);
+    assert.equal(result.arguments.at(-2), '-result-xml');
+});
+
+test('preserves native failure before attempting to parse a missing report', t => {
+    const result = runWrapper(t, undefined, 42);
+    assert.equal(result.status, 42);
+    assert.equal(result.stderr, '');
+});
+
+for (const [name, report] of [
+    ['missing report', undefined],
+    ['malformed XML', '<assemblies><assembly total="4"></assemblies>'],
+    ['wrong root', '<results><assembly total="4"/></results>'],
+    ['missing assemblies', '<assemblies/>'],
+    ['unexpected child', '<assemblies><other total="4"/></assemblies>'],
+    ['missing total', '<assemblies><assembly/></assemblies>'],
+    ['negative total', '<assemblies><assembly total="-1"/></assemblies>'],
+    ['fractional total', '<assemblies><assembly total="1.5"/></assemblies>'],
+    ['nonnumeric total', '<assemblies><assembly total="four"/></assemblies>'],
+    ['zero total', '<assemblies><assembly total="0"/><assembly total="0"/></assemblies>']
+]) {
+    test(`rejects ${name}`, t => {
+        const result = runWrapper(t, report);
+        assert.equal(result.status, 1);
+        assert.match(result.stderr, /Invalid xUnit report/);
+    });
+}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -43,7 +43,9 @@ jobs:
         run: dotnet build Samples.slnx --configuration Debug --no-restore
 
       - name: Run focused Debug specifications
+        shell: bash
         run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
           for project in \
             Arc/React/Arc.React.Specs/Arc.React.Specs.csproj \
             Chronicle/Backend/Backend.Specs/Backend.Specs.csproj \
@@ -53,17 +55,26 @@ jobs:
             Chronicle/Processing/Processing.Specs/Processing.Specs.csproj \
             Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/ProjectionStyles.Specs/ProjectionStyles.Specs.csproj \
             Chronicle/Quickstart/Common.AspNetCore.Specs/Common.AspNetCore.Specs.csproj \
-            GeneratedValues/Shop/Rendered/Shop.Rendered.csproj \
             GeneratedValues/Shop/Shop.Specs/Shop.Specs.csproj \
             LearningPath/05-Testing/Testing.Specs/Testing.Specs.csproj \
             LearningPath/07-ValidationAndAuthorization/ValidationAndAuthorization.Specs/ValidationAndAuthorization.Specs.csproj \
             LearningPath/08-Production/Production.Specs/Production.Specs.csproj
           do
-            dotnet test "$project" --configuration Debug --verbosity normal
+            bash .github/scripts/run-specs.sh --project "$project" --configuration Debug --no-build --no-restore --
           done
 
       - name: Run Library Lending in-process specifications
-        run: dotnet test Library/Lending/Lending.csproj --configuration Debug --no-build --filter "FullyQualifiedName~.for_" --verbosity normal
+        run: bash .github/scripts/run-specs.sh --project Library/Lending/Lending.csproj --configuration Debug --no-build --no-restore -- --specifications -class "*.for_*"
+
+      - name: Run Library Members in-process specifications
+        run: bash .github/scripts/run-specs.sh --project Library/Members/Members.csproj --configuration Debug --no-build --no-restore -- --specifications
+
+      # Stage owns this v2 runner until L13/L44 regenerate it.
+      - name: Run Stage-generated specifications
+        run: dotnet test GeneratedValues/Shop/Rendered/Shop.Rendered.csproj --configuration Debug --no-build --verbosity normal
+
+      - name: Restore Release dependencies
+        run: dotnet restore Samples.slnx -p:Configuration=Release
 
       - name: Build Release without regenerating proxies
         run: dotnet build Samples.slnx --configuration Release --no-restore -p:CratisProxiesOutputPath=

diff --git a/Arc/React/Arc.React.Specs/Arc.React.Specs.csproj b/Arc/React/Arc.React.Specs/Arc.React.Specs.csproj
@@ -1,21 +1,16 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
     <PropertyGroup>
         <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
-        <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
+        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
         <RootNamespace>Arc.React.Specs</RootNamespace>
         <!-- Cratis Specifications uses snake_case facts, inline attributes, and convention-based teardown. -->
         <NoWarn>$(NoWarn);CA1001;IDE1006;SA1134</NoWarn>
     </PropertyGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Fundamentals" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio">
-            <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-            <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
-        </PackageReference>
+        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
     </ItemGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>

diff --git a/Arc/React/README.md b/Arc/React/README.md
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ dotnet build Arc/React/Arc.React.csproj -c Debug
 dotnet build Arc/React/Arc.React.csproj -c Release -p:CratisProxiesOutputPath=
 
 # Run the focused backend specifications
-dotnet test Arc/React/Arc.React.Specs/Arc.React.Specs.csproj -c Debug
+dotnet run --project Arc/React/Arc.React.Specs/Arc.React.Specs.csproj -c Debug --
 
 # Type-check, lint, specify, and bundle React
 yarn tsc -b Arc/React/.frontend/tsconfig.json

diff --git a/Chronicle/Backend/Backend.Specs/Backend.Specs.csproj b/Chronicle/Backend/Backend.Specs/Backend.Specs.csproj
@@ -2,19 +2,15 @@
   <PropertyGroup>
     <RootNamespace>Chronicle.Backend.Specs</RootNamespace>
     <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Chronicle" />
     <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
     <PackageReference Include="NSubstitute" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio">
-      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
-    </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

diff --git a/Chronicle/Backend/README.md b/Chronicle/Backend/README.md
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ app.UseCratisChronicle();
 
 ```bash
 dotnet build Chronicle/Backend/Backend.csproj
-dotnet test Chronicle/Backend/Backend.Specs/Backend.Specs.csproj
+dotnet run --project Chronicle/Backend/Backend.Specs/Backend.Specs.csproj --
 ```
 
 The small specification project checks the append and history behavior without requiring a running Chronicle container.

diff --git a/Chronicle/CrossStore/CrossStore.Specs/CrossStore.Specs.csproj b/Chronicle/CrossStore/CrossStore.Specs/CrossStore.Specs.csproj
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
     <PropertyGroup>
         <RootNamespace>CrossStore.Specs</RootNamespace>
-        <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
+        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
         <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
     </PropertyGroup>
 
@@ -11,11 +11,7 @@
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio">
-            <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-        </PackageReference>
+        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
     </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
diff --git a/Chronicle/CrossStore/README.md b/Chronicle/CrossStore/README.md
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public FulfillmentOrderReceived Requested(OrderRequestedForFulfillment @event) =
 
 ```bash
 dotnet build Chronicle/CrossStore/CrossStore.csproj
-dotnet test Chronicle/CrossStore/CrossStore.Specs/CrossStore.Specs.csproj
+dotnet run --project Chronicle/CrossStore/CrossStore.Specs/CrossStore.Specs.csproj --
 ```
 
 ## Make it yours

diff --git a/Chronicle/MultiTenancy/MultiTenancy.Specs/MultiTenancy.Specs.csproj b/Chronicle/MultiTenancy/MultiTenancy.Specs/MultiTenancy.Specs.csproj
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
   <PropertyGroup>
     <RootNamespace>MultiTenancy.Specs</RootNamespace>
-    <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
@@ -12,11 +12,7 @@
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Chronicle.Testing" />
     <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio">
-      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-    </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
diff --git a/Chronicle/MultiTenancy/README.md b/Chronicle/MultiTenancy/README.md
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Build it directly while exploring, or as part of the root Samples solution:
 
 ```bash
 dotnet build Chronicle/MultiTenancy/MultiTenancy.csproj
-dotnet test Chronicle/MultiTenancy/MultiTenancy.Specs/MultiTenancy.Specs.csproj
+dotnet run --project Chronicle/MultiTenancy/MultiTenancy.Specs/MultiTenancy.Specs.csproj --
 ```
 
 The focused namespace-isolation spec uses Chronicle's in-process event scenario, so the test suite needs no container.

diff --git a/Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs.csproj b/Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs.csproj
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
     <PropertyGroup>
         <RootNamespace>OperationsDiagnosis.Specs</RootNamespace>
-        <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
+        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
         <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
     </PropertyGroup>
 
@@ -11,11 +11,7 @@
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio">
-            <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-        </PackageReference>
+        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
     </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
diff --git a/Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/README.md b/Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/README.md
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Use **Overview**, **Observers**, **Failures**, and **Event Sequences** to follow
 
 ```bash
 dotnet build Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/OperationsDiagnosis.csproj
-dotnet test Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs.csproj
+dotnet run --project Chronicle/OperationsDiagnosis/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs/OperationsDiagnosis.Specs.csproj --
 ```
 
 ## Make it yours—safely

diff --git a/Chronicle/Processing/Processing.Specs/Processing.Specs.csproj b/Chronicle/Processing/Processing.Specs/Processing.Specs.csproj
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
     <PropertyGroup>
         <RootNamespace>Processing.Specs</RootNamespace>
-        <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
+        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
         <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
     </PropertyGroup>
 
@@ -11,11 +11,7 @@
 
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio">
-            <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-        </PackageReference>
+        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
     </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
diff --git a/Chronicle/Processing/README.md b/Chronicle/Processing/README.md
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ Build it on its own while exploring, or as part of the root Samples solution:
 
 ```bash
 dotnet build Chronicle/Processing/Processing.csproj
-dotnet test Chronicle/Processing/Processing.Specs/Processing.Specs.csproj
+dotnet run --project Chronicle/Processing/Processing.Specs/Processing.Specs.csproj --
 ```
 
 The focused specifications show the projection binding, reducer fold (including an update before opening), and deterministic reactor result without introducing external infrastructure.

diff --git a/Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/ProjectionStyles.Specs/ProjectionStyles.Specs.csproj b/Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/ProjectionStyles.Specs/ProjectionStyles.Specs.csproj
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
     <PropertyGroup>
         <RootNamespace>ProjectionStyles.Specs</RootNamespace>
-        <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
+        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
         <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
     </PropertyGroup>
     <ItemGroup>
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@
     <ItemGroup>
         <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Chronicle.Testing" />
         <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" PrivateAssets="all" />
+        <PackageReference Include="Cratis.Specifications.XUnit.v3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" />
     </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
diff --git a/Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/README.md b/Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/README.md
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Both forms process an order's stream: neither can join `ProductRegistered` or `P
 Install the [.NET 10 SDK](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download), then run from the repository root:
 
 ```bash
-dotnet test Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/ProjectionStyles.Specs/ProjectionStyles.Specs.csproj --configuration Debug
+dotnet run --project Chronicle/ProjectionStyles/ProjectionStyles.Specs/ProjectionStyles.Specs.csproj --configuration Debug --
 ```
 
 [`ProjectionStyles.Specs`](./ProjectionStyles.Specs/) uses `ReadModelScenario<T>` to discover each C# style and drive the same histories in memory: product joins before children, a child-only last event, duplicate adds, quantity adjustment, removal, and cancellation. Additional specs cover placement, shipment, and a rename after the line exists. A direct reducer spec checks an explicit occurrence time and preservation of prior state.

diff --git a/Chronicle/Quickstart/AspNetCore/README.md b/Chronicle/Quickstart/AspNetCore/README.md
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ dotnet build AspNetCore.csproj --configuration Debug
 The read-model collection names and the book's self-reducing transitions are covered by specs in `Common.AspNetCore.Specs`:
 
 ```bash
-dotnet test ../Common.AspNetCore.Specs/Common.AspNetCore.Specs.csproj
+dotnet run --project ../Common.AspNetCore.Specs/Common.AspNetCore.Specs.csproj --
 ```
 
 ## Send a couple of events