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# La ruta Blockchain

* Un conjunto de recursos sobre blockchain junto con algunos fragmentos. Perspectiva de desarrollador.
* En memoria de @ajlopez y sus repositorios de recursos de aprendizaje sobre DeFi.

![Defi](./defi.jpeg)

*******************

- [La ruta Blockchain](#the-blockchain-path)
* [Contratos Inteligentes](#smart-contracts)
+ [Básicos](#basics)
+ [Avanzados](#advanced)
+ [Seguridad](#security)
+ [Optimizaciones de Gas](#gas-optimizations)
+ [EIPs](#eips)
* [DeFi](#defi)
+ [Yield Farming](#yield-farming)
+ [Market Maker Automatizado](#automated-market-maker)
+ [Préstamos y Créditos](#borrowing-and-lending)
+ [Flash Loans](#flash-loans)
+ [Oráculos](#oracles)
+ [Vaults](#vaults)
+ [Agregadores de Rendimiento](#yield-aggregators)
+ [Staking de NFTs](#nft-staking)
* [Otras blockchains](#other-blockchains)
* [Algorand](#algorand)
* [Cosmos](#cosmos)
* [Near](#near)
* [RSK](#rsk)
* [Solana](#solana)
+ [Básico](#basic)
+ [Programas nativos](#native-programs)
+ [SPL TOKEN](#spl-token)
* [Conocimiento Cero](#zero-knowledge)
* [Glosario y contenido técnico](#glossary-and-technical-mix)
+ [Frameworks y utilidades](#frameworks-and-utilities)

*******************
## Contratos Inteligentes

### Básicos

* Tipos de funciones:
* [Tipos de funciones en sc-I](https://medium.com/@yangnana11/solidity-function-types-4ad4e5de6d56#:~:text=Internal%20functions%20can%20only%20be,context%20of%20the%20current%20contract)
* [External vs public](https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/19380/external-vs-public-best-practices)
* [Modificador Overrides](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/contracts.html#function-overriding)

* Variables:
* [I](https://betterprogramming.pub/learn-solidity-variables-part-1-657fc27c2cc1)
* [II](https://betterprogramming.pub/learn-solidity-variables-part-2-f3b842f5bfb8)

* Funciones fallback:
* [Fallback](https://medium.com/upstate-interactive/the-truth-about-fallback-functions-in-solidity-a2c604f8e66b)
* [Fallback II](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/solidity/solidity_fallback_function.htm)

* [Interfaces](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/solidity-basics-of-interface/)

* [Librerías](https://jeancvllr.medium.com/solidity-tutorial-all-about-libraries-762e5a3692f9#:~:text=A%20library%20in%20Solidity%20is,in%20a%20more%20modular%20way)

* Pruebas:
* [Guía técnica sobre cómo escribir buenas pruebas unitarias en sc](https://medium.com/upstate-interactive/a-simple-guide-for-how-to-write-unit-tests-for-smart-contracts-8ec4b645f57b)

### Avanzados

* [DelegateCalls](https://medium.com/coinmonks/delegatecall-calling-another-contract-function-in-solidity-b579f804178c)

* SC actualizables (Upgradable SC):
* [No todos los contratos son inmutables](https://betterprogramming.pub/not-all-smart-contracts-are-immutable-create-upgradable-smart-contracts-e4e933b7b8a9)
* [Explicación detallada e implementación de Oz](https://simpleaswater.com/upgradable-smart-contracts/)
* [Solución interna de CardStack](https://medium.com/cardstack/upgradable-contracts-in-solidity-d5af87f0f913)

* [Hooks](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/3.x/extending-contracts)

* [Bytes I (doc oficial)](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/solidity/solidity_strings.htm)
* [Bytes II (post antiguo)](https://medium.com/@libertylocked/what-are-abi-encoding-functions-in-solidity-0-4-24-c1a90b5ddce8)
* [Bytes III (más completo)](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/internals/layout_in_storage.html#bytes-and-string)

* [Abstract vs Interfaces](https://medium.com/upstate-interactive/solidity-how-to-know-when-to-use-abstract-contracts-vs-interfaces-874cab860c56)

* [Integración con contratos de Oz](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/3.x/extending-contracts)

* [Contrato de Ejemplo Pausable](https://fravoll.github.io/solidity-patterns/emergency_stop.html)


### Seguridad

* [Reentrada](https://blockman.medium.com/reentrancy-a-vulnerability-that-causes-your-solidity-smart-contract-to-be-withdrawn-all-money-f4a9f6cdc57)
* [Reentrada después del fork de Istanbul](https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/)

### Optimizaciones de Gas

* [Consejos de Gas](https://mudit.blog/solidity-gas-optimization-tips/)
* [Consejos de Gas actualizados](https://blog.polymath.network/solidity-tips-and-tricks-to-save-gas-and-reduce-bytecode-size-c44580b218e6)
* [El almacenamiento es caro](https://medium.com/geekculture/hitchhikers-guide-to-the-evm-56a3d90212ac)
* [Pila demasiado profunda y solución](https://medium.com/1milliondevs/compilererror-stack-too-deep-try-removing-local-variables-solved-a6bcecc16231)

### EIPs

* EIP-155: Chain ID
* EIP-712: Estándar para firma de mensajes tipados
* https://medium.com/metamask/eip712-is-coming-what-to-expect-and-how-to-use-it-bb92fd1a7a26
* https://medium.com/coinmonks/eip712-a-full-stack-example-e12185b03d54
* https://dev.to/zemse/ethersjs-signing-eip712-typed-structs-2ph8
* EIP-1167: Contrato Proxy
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1167
* https://github.com/optionality/clone-factory/blob/master/contracts/CloneFactory.sol
* EIP-1344: Opcode de Chain ID
* EIP-1559: Cálculos de tarifas de Gas
* https://www.blocknative.com/blog/eip-1559-fees
* EIP-777: Tokens ERC20 mejorados
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-777
* EIP-4626: Vaults tokenizados
* EIP-2981: Regalías NFT

**********************************

## DeFi

### Yield Farming

* [Yield Farming (Es)](https://academy.bit2me.com/que-es-el-yield-farming/)
* [Yield Farming (En)](https://academy.binance.com/en/articles/what-is-yield-farming-in-decentralized-finance-defi)

### Market Maker Automatizado
* [AMM](https://academy.binance.com/en/articles/what-is-an-automated-market-maker-amm)

### Préstamos y Créditos

* [Documentación de Compound](https://compound.finance/docs)
* [Compound - Prestar](https://medium.com/compound-finance/supplying-assets-to-the-compound-protocol-ec2cf5df5aa)
* [Compound - Pedir prestado](https://medium.com/compound-finance/borrowing-assets-from-compound-quick-start-guide-f5e69af4b8f4)
* [Explicación de Gemini](https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/what-is-compound-and-how-does-it-work#section-the-compound-de-fi-protocol)

### Flash Loans

* [Decrypt](https://decrypt.co/resources/what-are-flash-loans-the-defi-lending-phenomenon-explained)
* [Binance](https://academy.binance.com/en/articles/what-are-flash-loans-in-defi)
* [Medium Geek Culture](https://medium.com/geekculture/what-is-a-defi-flash-loans-flash-loan-attack-c130c83d9811)
* [101 Blockchains](https://101blockchains.com/defi-flash-loans/)
* [Docs técnicas de AAVE](https://docs.aave.com/developers/guides/flash-loans)

### Oráculos

* [Por qué oráculos](https://medium.com/iex-ec/why-your-dapp-needs-a-decentralized-oracle-2f2403f9fd7)
* [MakerDao Medianizer](https://developer.makerdao.com/feeds/)

* [Rastreador TVL](https://defipulse.com/)

### Vaults

* [Vaults explicados](https://blog.apy.vision/defi-vaults/)
* [Explotación de yDAI](https://swissborg.com/blog/flash-loan-attack)

### Agregadores de Rendimiento

* [Verso](https://verso.finance/the-mechanics-of-yield-farming-and-yield-aggregators/#:~:text=Yield%20farming%20aggregators%20essentially%20automate,maximizing%20yields%20via%20auto%20compounding.)
* [Eqifi](https://eqifi.medium.com/defi-explained-what-is-a-yield-aggregator-e611f0cf969b)
* [Stakingbits](https://medium.com/stakingbits/what-is-yield-farming-and-a-yield-aggregator-8161e7a74b43)
* [Hackernoon](https://hackernoon.com/how-do-yield-aggregators-work)

### Staking de NFTs

* [Doc detallada de Moonpay](https://www.moonpay.com/nft/nft-staking)
* [Repositorio de ejemplo usando ERC1155](https://github.com/karangorania/nft-staking)

**********************

## Otras blockchains

## Algorand

* [Activos estándar (ASA)](https://developer.algorand.org/docs/features/asa/)
* [Contratos Inteligentes con Estado](https://developer.algorand.org/docs/features/asc1/stateful/)
* [Contratos Inteligentes sin Estado](https://pyteal.readthedocs.io/en/stable/overview.html)
* [Directrices Teal](https://developer.algorand.org/docs/features/asc1/stateful/)
* [Visión general de PyTeal](https://developer.algorand.org/docs/features/asc1/teal/pyteal/)

## Cosmos

* [IBC-Protocol](https://ibcprotocol.org/)
* [SDK](https://docs.cosmos.network/v0.44/)
* [Starport](https://docs.starport.com/)
* [Cosmwasm](https://cosmwasm.com/)
* [Semántica de contratos](https://docs.cosmwasm.com/docs/1.0/smart-contracts/contract-semantics)
* [Análisis de contratos](https://docs.cosmwasm.com/tutorials/simple-option/develop)
* [Anatomía de un contrato inteligente](https://docs.cosmwasm.com/dev-academy/develop-smart-contract/intro)
* [Cosmwasm para desarrolladores](https://blog.cosmos.network/cosmwasm-for-developers-7640ee38430f)

## Near

## RSK

* [Rlogin](https://github.com/wighawag/tutorial-hardhat-deploy)
* [RSK Swap](https://rskswap.com/docs/v2/protocol-overview/how-rskswap-works)
* [SC de RSK Swap](https://rskswap.com/docs/v2/smart-contract-integration/quick-start/)


## Solana

### Básico

* [Programando en Solana](https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/)
* [Solana 101](https://learn.figment.io/tutorials/solana-101)
* [Solana para técnicos](https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html)
* [Recetario de Solana](https://solanacookbook.com/#contributing)
* [Transacciones de Solana en profundidad](https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2)

### Programas nativos

* [Explicación](https://medium.com/coinmonks/solana-internals-part-1-what-are-the-native-on-chain-programs-and-why-do-they-matter-61c981483e86)

### SPL TOKEN

* [CLI](https://medium.com/@kaloliya/step-by-step-guide-for-creating-a-token-on-solana-network-68d3b890ca84)
* [Explicación del código junto con ejemplo](https://medium.com/credix/building-an-spl-token-faucet-on-solana-2b8a07d364ff)
* [Explicación técnica](https://medium.com/credix/building-an-spl-token-faucet-on-solana-2b8a07d364ff)

**********************

## Conocimiento Cero

Más formales:

* [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-knowledge_proof)
* [Zcash](https://z.cash/technology/zksnarks/)
* [Introducción con ejemplos](https://media.consensys.net/introduction-to-zksnarks-with-examples-3283b554fc3b)
* [Optimistic vs Rollup](https://blog.matter-labs.io/optimistic-vs-zk-rollup-deep-dive-ea141e71e075)

Matemáticas:

* [Por dentro por Vitalik](https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/zk-snarks-under-the-hood-b33151a013f6)
* [Decentriq](https://blog.decentriq.com/zk-snarks-primer-part-one/)
* [Mezcla con computadoras cuánticas](https://medium.com/coinmonks/zk-starks-create-verifiable-trust-even-against-quantum-computers-dd9c6a2bb13d)
* [Coinbase](https://blog.coinbase.com/zksnarks-and-cryptographic-accumulators-f840da0b61c6)

Implementaciones

* [Zokrates](https://zokrates.github.io/introduction.html)
* [ZkSync](https://blog.matter-labs.io/introducing-zk-sync-the-missing-link-to-mass-adoption-of-ethereum-14c9cea83f58)
* [Circom](https://docs.circom.io/background/background/)


## Glosario y contenido técnico

* [Mercado bajista y alcista](https://academy.binance.com/en/glossary/bear-market)
* [Comparación de Tokens](https://medium.com/coinmonks/token-standards-erc20-vserc721-vs-erc1155-3106f1e3f2f3)
* [Tutorial ERC20](https://medium.com/crypto-currently/the-anatomy-of-erc721-e9db77abfc24#:~:text=Ethereum%20Request%20for%20Comments%20721,the%20tokens%20are%20non%2Dfungible%20)
* [ERC721 detallado](https://medium.com/crypto-currently/the-anatomy-of-erc721-e9db77abfc24#:~:text=Ethereum%20Request%20for%20Comments%20721,the%20tokens%20are%20non%2Dfungible%20)
* [Aleatoriedad](https://betterprogramming.pub/how-to-generate-truly-random-numbers-in-solidity-and-blockchain-9ced6472dbdf)
* [Direcciones de vanidad](https://academy.bit2me.com/en/what-is-a-vanity-address/#:~:text=Vanity%20addresses%2C%20or%20vanity%20addresses,up%20the%20security%20they%20provide.)
* IPFS
* [Oficial](https://ipfs.io/)
* [Tutorial práctico](https://medium.com/coinmonks/a-hands-on-introduction-to-ipfs-ee65b594937)


### Frameworks y utilidades

* Hardhat
* [Tutorial del plugin Hardhat-deploy](https://github.com/wighawag/tutorial-hardhat-deploy)

* TheGraph
* [QS Oficial](https://thegraph.com/docs/en/developer/quick-start/)
* [Documentación completa](https://thegraph.com/docs/en/developing/creating-a-subgraph/)
* [Mappings](https://thegraph.com/docs/en/developing/creating-a-subgraph/#writing-mappings)
* [Desplegando subgraph](https://medium.com/xord/the-graph-network-part-ii-deploying-the-subgraph-xord-a80b454d96d2)
* [Pruebas unitarias](https://thegraph.com/docs/en/developing/unit-testing-framework/)
* [Subgraphs de contratos inteligentes de Celo](https://learn.figment.io/tutorials/celo-subgraphs)

* Anchor
* [Docs oficiales](https://www.anchor-lang.com/l)
* [Repo](https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor)
* [Anchor simplificado para nuevos desarrolladores](https://hashnode.com/post/anchor-framework-simplified-for-new-developers-in-solana-cktyttmwf09h6bps189wxcngd)
* [Contextos, PDAs y semillas](https://2501babe.github.io/posts/anchor101.html)

* Solana-cli
* [Instalación](https://docs.solana.com/cli/install-solana-cli-tools)
* [Uso oficial](https://docs.solana.com/cli/conventions)
* [Operaciones básicas](https://medium.com/@lianxiongdi/solana-development-1-basic-operation-of-solana-cli-dcf156137e6)
* [Crear Token usando cli](https://medium.com/@lianxiongdi/solana-development-2-create-your-own-token-bfd4e53c3840)

* Truffle:
* [migrate por dentro](https://medium.com/@blockchain101/demystifying-truffle-migrate-21afbcdf3264)