Added solution1.cpp from Harjas under Problems/Mathematics/Day-02/sol/

Author: harjasbb07-eng

Problems/Mathematics/Day-02/sol/Harjas/Solution1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+Problem Statement:
+Given size of array and elements. We need to find possible combination (i,j) of elements (i and j are positions in array)
+size that the absolute difference is equal to absolute max difference from elements of array
+
+Prefix Sums:
+Not applicable since the problem is purely mathematical and does not involve
+range queries or cumulative sums.
+
+Time Complexity: O(n)
+Space Complexity: O(n)
+
+Submission Link:
+https://codeforces.com/contest/1771/submission/355453765
+*/
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main(){
+    int t;
+    cin >>t;
+    while(t--){
+
+int n;
+cin>>n;
+vector <int> a(n);
+for(int &x: a) cin>> x;
+
+int smallestNum= INT_MAX;
+int largestNum=INT_MIN;
+int counts =0;
+int countl=0;
+for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
+    if(a[i]<smallestNum){ 
+        smallestNum=a[i];     // scanning through array once to find number of times max and min element appears
+        counts=0;
+    }
+     if(a[i]>largestNum){ 
+        largestNum=a[i];
+        countl=0;
+    }
+
+    if(a[i]==smallestNum) counts++;
+    
+    if(a[i]==largestNum) countl++;
+}
+if (smallestNum == largestNum) {
+    cout << 1LL* n * (n - 1) << endl; //edge case when all elements are equal
+} else {
+    cout << 2LL* counts * countl << endl;    // final answer uses long long because n can be large so n^2 crosses max of int
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    }
+    return 0;
+}