diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e31ce9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+name: Build & Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: ["master", "main"]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: ["master", "main"]
+
+jobs:
+  # Job 1: 代码静态检查 + 单元测试
+  test:
+    name: Static Analysis & Unit Tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up JDK 17
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          java-version: '17'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          cache: gradle
+
+      - name: Grant execute permission for gradlew
+        run: chmod +x gradlew
+
+      - name: Run Detekt (static code analysis)
+        run: ./gradlew detekt --no-daemon
+
+      - name: Run unit tests
+        run: ./gradlew testDebugUnitTest --no-daemon
+
+      - name: Upload test reports
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: unit-test-reports
+          path: app/build/reports/tests/
+          retention-days: 7
+
+  # Job 2: 构建 Debug APK
+  build:
+    name: Build Debug APK
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: test
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up JDK 17
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          java-version: '17'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          cache: gradle
+
+      - name: Grant execute permission for gradlew
+        run: chmod +x gradlew
+
+      - name: Assemble Debug APK
+        run: ./gradlew assembleDebug --no-daemon
+
+      - name: Upload Debug APK
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: debug-apk
+          path: app/build/outputs/apk/debug/*.apk
+          retention-days: 14
+
+  # Job 3: 构建 Release APK（仅 master 分支）
+  build-release:
+    name: Build Release APK
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: build
+    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up JDK 17
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          java-version: '17'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+          cache: gradle
+
+      - name: Grant execute permission for gradlew
+        run: chmod +x gradlew
+
+      - name: Assemble Release APK
+        run: ./gradlew assembleRelease --no-daemon
+
+      - name: Upload Release APK
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: release-apk
+          path: app/build/outputs/apk/release/*.apk
+          retention-days: 30
diff --git a/app/build.gradle.kts b/app/build.gradle.kts
index 9cb14bd..7492392 100644
--- a/app/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/app/build.gradle.kts
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ android {
         }
     }
     buildToolsVersion = "34.0.0"
+
+    testOptions {
+        unitTests.isReturnDefaultValues = true
+    }
 }
 
 kotlin {
@@ -150,6 +154,8 @@ dependencies {
 
     // Test implementation
     testImplementation(libs.junit)
+    testImplementation(libs.mockk)
+    testImplementation(libs.coroutines.test)
 
     // Android test implementation
     androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.test.ext)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/common/AppModules.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/common/AppModules.kt
index b158c1f..f0856c9 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/common/AppModules.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/common/AppModules.kt
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository
 import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.PhotoRepository
 import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.PreferenceRepository
 import me.grey.picquery.domain.AlbumManager
+import me.grey.picquery.domain.AlbumUpdateService
 import me.grey.picquery.domain.EmbeddingService
 import me.grey.picquery.domain.ImageSearcher
 import me.grey.picquery.domain.MLKitTranslator
@@ -128,10 +129,23 @@ private val domainModules = module {
             photoRepository = get(),
             embeddingRepository = get(),
             imageSearcher = get(),
+            albumUpdateService = get(),
             ioDispatcher = get()
         )
     }
 
+    // Album update service - 增量更新服务
+    single {
+        AlbumUpdateService(
+            photoRepository = get(),
+            objectBoxEmbeddingRepository = get(),
+            embeddingRepository = get(),
+            albumRepository = get(),
+            embeddingService = get(),
+            dispatcher = get()
+        )
+    }
+
     // Similarity manager
     single {
         SimilarityManager(
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/EmbeddingDao.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/EmbeddingDao.kt
index ba537d2..17f866b 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/EmbeddingDao.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/EmbeddingDao.kt
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ interface EmbeddingDao {
     fun getAllByPhotoIds(photoIds: LongArray): List<Embedding>
 
     @Query(
-        "SELECT * FROM $tableName WHERE album_id IS (:albumId)"
+        "SELECT * FROM $tableName WHERE album_id = :albumId"
     )
     fun getAllByAlbumId(albumId: Long): List<Embedding>
 
@@ -41,6 +41,16 @@ interface EmbeddingDao {
     )
     fun removeByAlbumId(albumId: Long): Unit
 
+    @Query(
+        "DELETE FROM $tableName WHERE photo_id IN (:photoIds)"
+    )
+    fun removeByPhotoIds(photoIds: LongArray): Unit
+
+    @Query(
+        "SELECT photo_id FROM $tableName WHERE album_id = :albumId"
+    )
+    fun getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(albumId: Long): List<Long>
+
     @Upsert
     fun upsertAll(embeddings: List<Embedding>)
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/ObjectBoxEmbeddingDao.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/ObjectBoxEmbeddingDao.kt
index 04fc95f..75df17f 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/ObjectBoxEmbeddingDao.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/dao/ObjectBoxEmbeddingDao.kt
@@ -93,6 +93,21 @@ class ObjectBoxEmbeddingDao(private val embeddingBox: Box<ObjectBoxEmbedding>) {
         }.remove()
     }
 
+    // 根据照片ID列表批量删除嵌入向量（用于增量更新）
+    fun removeByPhotoIds(photoIds: LongArray) {
+        if (photoIds.isEmpty()) return
+        embeddingBox.query {
+            `in`(ObjectBoxEmbedding_.photoId, photoIds)
+        }.remove()
+    }
+
+    // 仅查询指定相册下已索引的照片ID列表（高效，不加载向量数据）
+    fun getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(albumId: Long): List<Long> {
+        return embeddingBox.query {
+            equal(ObjectBoxEmbedding_.albumId, albumId)
+        }.property(ObjectBoxEmbedding_.photoId).find()
+    }
+
     // 批量更新或插入嵌入向量
     fun upsertAll(embeddings: List<ObjectBoxEmbedding>) {
         embeddingBox.put(embeddings)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/EmbeddingRepository.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/EmbeddingRepository.kt
index 97f7db4..0a7676a 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/EmbeddingRepository.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/EmbeddingRepository.kt
@@ -91,4 +91,18 @@ class EmbeddingRepository(
     fun removeByAlbum(album: Album) {
         return dataSource.removeByAlbumId(album.id)
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 根据照片ID列表批量删除嵌入向量（用于增量更新）
+     */
+    fun removeByPhotoIds(photoIds: LongArray) {
+        return dataSource.removeByPhotoIds(photoIds)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仅获取指定相册下已索引的照片ID列表
+     */
+    fun getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(albumId: Long): List<Long> {
+        return dataSource.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(albumId)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt
index d73b471..7c1230c 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt
@@ -103,6 +103,20 @@ class ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository(
         return dataSource.removeByAlbumId(album.id)
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 根据照片ID列表批量删除嵌入向量（用于增量更新时移除已删除照片的向量）
+     */
+    fun removeByPhotoIds(photoIds: LongArray) {
+        return dataSource.removeByPhotoIds(photoIds)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仅获取指定相册下已索引的照片ID列表（不加载向量数据，高效）
+     */
+    fun getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(albumId: Long): List<Long> {
+        return dataSource.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(albumId)
+    }
+
     fun searchByVector(vector: ByteArray): List<ObjectWithScore<ObjectBoxEmbedding>> {
         return dataSource.searchNearestVectors(vector.toFloatArray())
     }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChange.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChange.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b77c9eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChange.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package me.grey.picquery.domain
+
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Album
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Photo
+
+/**
+ * 相册变更检测结果
+ *
+ * 表示一个已索引相册相对于当前 MediaStore 状态的变更：
+ * - [addedPhotos]: 新增的照片（需要编码并添加向量）
+ * - [removedPhotoIds]: 已删除的照片 ID（需要移除对应向量）
+ * - [modifiedPhotos]: 内容已修改的照片（预留字段，v1 暂不实现检测逻辑）
+ *
+ * @property album 发生变更的相册
+ * @property addedPhotos 当前存在但尚未索引的照片列表
+ * @property removedPhotoIds 已索引但当前已从相册中删除的照片 ID
+ * @property modifiedPhotos 已索引且当前仍存在但内容可能已变更的照片（预留）
+ */
+data class AlbumChange(
+    val album: Album,
+    val addedPhotos: List<Photo>,
+    val removedPhotoIds: Set<Long>,
+    val modifiedPhotos: List<Photo> = emptyList()
+) {
+    /** 是否存在任何变更 */
+    val hasChanges: Boolean
+        get() = addedPhotos.isNotEmpty() || removedPhotoIds.isNotEmpty() || modifiedPhotos.isNotEmpty()
+
+    /** 新增照片数量 */
+    val addedCount: Int get() = addedPhotos.size
+
+    /** 删除照片数量 */
+    val removedCount: Int get() = removedPhotoIds.size
+
+    /** 变更总数量（用于 UI 显示） */
+    val totalChangeCount: Int
+        get() = addedCount + removedCount + modifiedPhotos.size
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChangeDetector.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChangeDetector.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd96bba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChangeDetector.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package me.grey.picquery.domain
+
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Album
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Photo
+
+/**
+ * 相册变更检测器（纯逻辑，无 Android 依赖）
+ *
+ * 通过对比当前 MediaStore 中的照片 ID 集合与已索引的照片 ID 集合，
+ * 计算出新增和删除的照片列表。
+ *
+ * 设计为纯函数式逻辑，便于单元测试：
+ * - 输入：当前照片列表 + 已索引照片 ID 集合
+ * - 输出：[AlbumChange] 变更描述
+ *
+ * 使用 HashSet 进行差集运算，时间复杂度 O(n)，适合大相册（数万张照片）。
+ */
+object AlbumChangeDetector {
+
+    /**
+     * 纯 ID 差分（无任何外部依赖，完全可测试）
+     *
+     * @param currentPhotoIds 当前照片 ID 集合
+     * @param indexedPhotoIds 已索引照片 ID 集合
+     * @return ID 差分结果
+     */
+    fun diffIds(
+        currentPhotoIds: Set<Long>,
+        indexedPhotoIds: Set<Long>
+    ): IdDiff {
+        val addedIds = currentPhotoIds - indexedPhotoIds
+        val removedIds = indexedPhotoIds - currentPhotoIds
+        return IdDiff(addedIds, removedIds)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检测相册变更
+     *
+     * @param album 目标相册
+     * @param currentPhotos 当前 MediaStore 中该相册的所有照片
+     * @param indexedPhotoIds 已在向量数据库中索引的照片 ID 集合
+     * @return 变更描述 [AlbumChange]
+     */
+    fun detect(
+        album: Album,
+        currentPhotos: List<Photo>,
+        indexedPhotoIds: Set<Long>
+    ): AlbumChange {
+        val currentPhotoIds = HashSet<Long>(currentPhotos.size)
+        for (photo in currentPhotos) {
+            currentPhotoIds.add(photo.id)
+        }
+
+        val diff = diffIds(currentPhotoIds, indexedPhotoIds)
+
+        // 新增照片：当前存在但未索引
+        val addedPhotos = currentPhotos.filter { it.id in diff.addedIds }
+
+        return AlbumChange(
+            album = album,
+            addedPhotos = addedPhotos,
+            removedPhotoIds = diff.removedIds
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量检测多个相册的变更
+     *
+     * @param albums 目标相册列表
+     * @param currentPhotosByAlbumId 每个相册当前的照片列表（key 为 albumId）
+     * @param indexedPhotoIdsByAlbumId 每个相册已索引的照片 ID 集合（key 为 albumId）
+     * @return 每个相册的变更描述列表
+     */
+    fun detectBatch(
+        albums: List<Album>,
+        currentPhotosByAlbumId: Map<Long, List<Photo>>,
+        indexedPhotoIdsByAlbumId: Map<Long, Set<Long>>
+    ): List<AlbumChange> {
+        return albums.map { album ->
+            detect(
+                album = album,
+                currentPhotos = currentPhotosByAlbumId[album.id] ?: emptyList(),
+                indexedPhotoIds = indexedPhotoIdsByAlbumId[album.id] ?: emptySet()
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * ID 差分结果（纯数据，无 Android 依赖）
+ */
+data class IdDiff(
+    val addedIds: Set<Long>,
+    val removedIds: Set<Long>
+) {
+    val hasChanges: Boolean get() = addedIds.isNotEmpty() || removedIds.isNotEmpty()
+    val addedCount: Int get() = addedIds.size
+    val removedCount: Int get() = removedIds.size
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumManager.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumManager.kt
index dfcc12e..154f31d 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumManager.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumManager.kt
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import me.grey.picquery.PicQueryApplication.Companion.context
 import me.grey.picquery.R
+import me.grey.picquery.common.encodeProgressCallback
 import me.grey.picquery.common.showToast
 import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.AlbumRepository
 import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.EmbeddingRepository
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ class AlbumManager(
     private val photoRepository: PhotoRepository,
     private val embeddingRepository: EmbeddingRepository,
     private val imageSearcher: ImageSearcher,
+    private val albumUpdateService: AlbumUpdateService,
     private val ioDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher
 ) {
     companion object {
@@ -197,4 +199,114 @@ class AlbumManager(
         embeddingRepository.removeByAlbum(album)
         albumRepository.removeSearchableAlbum(album)
     }
+
+    // ============ 增量更新功能 ============
+
+    /**
+     * 检测已索引相册的变更（不执行更新）
+     *
+     * @param album 已索引的相册
+     * @return 变更描述，包含新增和删除的照片信息
+     */
+    suspend fun detectAlbumChanges(album: Album): AlbumChange {
+        return albumUpdateService.detectChanges(album)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 批量检测多个已索引相册的变更
+     *
+     * @param albums 已索引的相册列表
+     * @return 有变更的相册列表
+     */
+    suspend fun detectAlbumChangesBatch(albums: List<Album>): List<AlbumChange> {
+        return albums.map { detectAlbumChanges(it) }.filter { it.hasChanges }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 增量更新单个相册的编码向量
+     *
+     * 流程：
+     * 1. 检测相册变更（新增/删除照片）
+     * 2. 删除已移除照片的向量
+     * 3. 编码新增照片并存储向量
+     * 4. 更新相册元数据
+     *
+     * @param album 已索引的相册
+     * @param progressCallback 编码进度回调
+     * @return 更新结果
+     */
+    suspend fun updateAlbum(
+        album: Album,
+        progressCallback: encodeProgressCallback? = null
+    ): AlbumUpdateResult {
+        if (isEncoderBusy) {
+            Timber.tag(TAG).w("updateAlbum: encoder is busy, aborting")
+            return AlbumUpdateResult.Success(
+                album = album,
+                addedCount = 0,
+                removedCount = 0,
+                allEncoded = false
+            )
+        }
+
+        encodingState.value = EncodingState(status = EncodingState.Status.Loading)
+
+        try {
+            val result = albumUpdateService.updateAlbum(album, progressCallback)
+            if (result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success) {
+                encodingState.value = EncodingState(status = EncodingState.Status.Finish)
+            }
+            return result
+        } catch (e: Exception) {
+            Timber.tag(TAG).e(e, "Failed to update album: ${album.label}")
+            encodingState.value = EncodingState(status = EncodingState.Status.Error)
+            return AlbumUpdateResult.Success(
+                album = album,
+                addedCount = 0,
+                removedCount = 0,
+                allEncoded = false
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 对已检测到的变更执行增量更新
+     *
+     * @param change 变更描述（由 [detectAlbumChanges] 产生）
+     * @param progressCallback 编码进度回调
+     * @return 更新结果
+     */
+    suspend fun applyAlbumUpdate(
+        change: AlbumChange,
+        progressCallback: encodeProgressCallback? = null
+    ): AlbumUpdateResult {
+        if (isEncoderBusy) {
+            Timber.tag(TAG).w("applyAlbumUpdate: encoder is busy, aborting")
+            return AlbumUpdateResult.Success(
+                album = change.album,
+                addedCount = 0,
+                removedCount = 0,
+                allEncoded = false
+            )
+        }
+
+        encodingState.value = EncodingState(status = EncodingState.Status.Loading)
+
+        try {
+            val result = albumUpdateService.applyUpdate(change, progressCallback)
+            if (result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success) {
+                encodingState.value = EncodingState(status = EncodingState.Status.Finish)
+            }
+            return result
+        } catch (e: Exception) {
+            Timber.tag(TAG).e(e, "Failed to apply update for album: ${change.album.label}")
+            encodingState.value = EncodingState(status = EncodingState.Status.Error)
+            return AlbumUpdateResult.Success(
+                album = change.album,
+                addedCount = 0,
+                removedCount = 0,
+                allEncoded = false
+            )
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumUpdateService.kt b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumUpdateService.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddba38d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumUpdateService.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+package me.grey.picquery.domain
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import me.grey.picquery.common.encodeProgressCallback
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.AlbumRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.EmbeddingRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.PhotoRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Album
+import timber.log.Timber
+
+/**
+ * 相册增量更新服务
+ *
+ * 负责编排相册的增量更新流程：
+ * 1. 检测变更（新增照片、删除照片）
+ * 2. 对新增照片进行编码并存储向量
+ * 3. 删除已移除照片的向量
+ * 4. 更新相册元数据（count、timestamp）
+ *
+ * 同时维护 ObjectBox（主向量存储）和 Room（相似度计算用）两个数据源的一致性。
+ *
+ * @param photoRepository 照片数据源（MediaStore 查询）
+ * @param objectBoxEmbeddingRepository ObjectBox 向量仓库
+ * @param embeddingRepository Room 向量仓库（相似度计算用）
+ * @param albumRepository 相册元数据仓库
+ * @param embeddingService 编码服务
+ * @param dispatcher 协程调度器
+ */
+class AlbumUpdateService(
+    private val photoRepository: PhotoRepository,
+    private val objectBoxEmbeddingRepository: ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository,
+    private val embeddingRepository: EmbeddingRepository,
+    private val albumRepository: AlbumRepository,
+    private val embeddingService: EmbeddingService,
+    private val dispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher
+) {
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "AlbumUpdateService"
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 检测指定相册的变更（不执行更新）
+     *
+     * @param album 已索引的相册
+     * @return 变更描述
+     */
+    suspend fun detectChanges(album: Album): AlbumChange = withContext(dispatcher) {
+        Timber.tag(TAG).d("Detecting changes for album: ${album.label} (id=${album.id})")
+
+        // 获取当前 MediaStore 中的照片列表
+        val currentPhotos = photoRepository.getPhotoListByAlbumId(album.id)
+
+        // 获取已索引的照片 ID 集合（ObjectBox + Room 双查，以 ObjectBox 为准）
+        val objectBoxIndexedIds = objectBoxEmbeddingRepository
+            .getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id)
+            .toSet()
+
+        // 同时检查 Room 中的索引 ID（用于诊断双存储不一致）
+        val roomIndexedIds = embeddingRepository.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id).toSet()
+        if (objectBoxIndexedIds != roomIndexedIds) {
+            Timber.tag(TAG).w(
+                "Storage inconsistency detected! ObjectBox: ${objectBoxIndexedIds.size}, " +
+                    "Room: ${roomIndexedIds.size} for album ${album.label}"
+            )
+        }
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, objectBoxIndexedIds)
+        Timber.tag(TAG).d(
+            "Changes for '${album.label}': +${change.addedCount} added, " +
+                "-${change.removedCount} removed"
+        )
+        change
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 执行增量更新
+     *
+     * @param change 变更描述（由 [detectChanges] 产生）
+     * @param progressCallback 进度回调
+     * @return 更新结果
+     */
+    suspend fun applyUpdate(
+        change: AlbumChange,
+        progressCallback: encodeProgressCallback? = null
+    ): AlbumUpdateResult = withContext(dispatcher) {
+        if (!change.hasChanges) {
+            Timber.tag(TAG).i("No changes to apply for album: ${change.album.label}")
+            return@withContext AlbumUpdateResult.NoChange
+        }
+
+        Timber.tag(TAG).i(
+            "Applying update for '${change.album.label}': " +
+                "+${change.addedCount} to encode, -${change.removedCount} to remove"
+        )
+
+        var encodedCount = 0
+        var removedCount = 0
+        var encodeSuccess = true
+
+        // 步骤 1：删除已移除照片的向量（先删除，避免残留）
+        if (change.removedPhotoIds.isNotEmpty()) {
+            val removedIdsArray = change.removedPhotoIds.toLongArray()
+            try {
+                objectBoxEmbeddingRepository.removeByPhotoIds(removedIdsArray)
+                embeddingRepository.removeByPhotoIds(removedIdsArray)
+                removedCount = change.removedPhotoIds.size
+                Timber.tag(TAG).d("Removed $removedCount stale embeddings")
+            } catch (e: Exception) {
+                Timber.tag(TAG).e(e, "Failed to remove stale embeddings")
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 步骤 2：编码新增照片
+        if (change.addedPhotos.isNotEmpty()) {
+            encodeSuccess = embeddingService.encodePhotoList(
+                photos = change.addedPhotos,
+                progressCallback = progressCallback
+            )
+            if (encodeSuccess) {
+                encodedCount = change.addedPhotos.size
+                Timber.tag(TAG).d("Encoded $encodedCount new photos")
+            } else {
+                Timber.tag(TAG).w("Encoding was already in progress, new photos not encoded")
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 步骤 3：更新相册元数据（count + timestamp，使 IndexMgrScreen 不再显示"需要更新"）
+        if (encodeSuccess) {
+            try {
+                // 从 MediaStore 获取相册最新状态
+                val currentAlbum = albumRepository.getAllAlbums()
+                    .find { it.id == change.album.id }
+                val updatedAlbum = if (currentAlbum != null) {
+                    change.album.copy(
+                        count = currentAlbum.count,
+                        timestamp = currentAlbum.timestamp,
+                        coverPath = currentAlbum.coverPath
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    // 相册可能已被删除，用照片数量作为 count
+                    change.album.copy(
+                        count = photoRepository.getImageCountInAlbum(change.album.id).toLong()
+                    )
+                }
+                albumRepository.addSearchableAlbum(updatedAlbum)
+                Timber.tag(TAG).d("Updated album metadata: count=${updatedAlbum.count}")
+            } catch (e: Exception) {
+                Timber.tag(TAG).e(e, "Failed to update album metadata")
+            }
+        }
+
+        AlbumUpdateResult.Success(
+            album = change.album,
+            addedCount = encodedCount,
+            removedCount = removedCount,
+            allEncoded = encodeSuccess
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 便捷方法：检测变更并立即执行更新
+     *
+     * @param album 已索引的相册
+     * @param progressCallback 进度回调
+     * @return 更新结果
+     */
+    suspend fun updateAlbum(
+        album: Album,
+        progressCallback: encodeProgressCallback? = null
+    ): AlbumUpdateResult {
+        val change = detectChanges(album)
+        return applyUpdate(change, progressCallback)
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 增量更新结果
+ */
+sealed class AlbumUpdateResult {
+    /** 无变更 */
+    data object NoChange : AlbumUpdateResult()
+
+    /** 更新成功 */
+    data class Success(
+        val album: Album,
+        val addedCount: Int,
+        val removedCount: Int,
+        val allEncoded: Boolean
+    ) : AlbumUpdateResult()
+}
diff --git a/app/src/test/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChangeDetectorTest.kt b/app/src/test/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChangeDetectorTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..147812d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/test/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumChangeDetectorTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+package me.grey.picquery.domain
+
+import android.net.Uri
+import io.mockk.mockk
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Album
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Photo
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+/**
+ * [AlbumChangeDetector] 单元测试
+ *
+ * 测试变更检测的核心差分逻辑，包括纯 ID 差分和带 Photo 对象的完整检测。
+ */
+class AlbumChangeDetectorTest {
+
+    private fun mockAlbum(id: Long = 1L, label: String = "Camera", count: Long = 10) = Album(
+        id = id,
+        label = label,
+        coverPath = "/path/to/cover",
+        timestamp = 1000L,
+        count = count
+    )
+
+    private fun mockPhoto(id: Long, albumId: Long = 1L) = Photo(
+        id = id,
+        label = "photo_$id",
+        uri = mockk<Uri>(relaxed = true),
+        path = "/path/to/photo_$id",
+        timestamp = 1000L + id,
+        albumID = albumId,
+        albumLabel = "Camera"
+    )
+
+    // ============ diffIds 纯逻辑测试 ============
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds returns empty when no changes`() {
+        val currentIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertTrue(diff.addedIds.isEmpty())
+        assertTrue(diff.removedIds.isEmpty())
+        assertFalse(diff.hasChanges)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds detects added photos`() {
+        val currentIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L)
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(setOf(4L, 5L), diff.addedIds)
+        assertTrue(diff.removedIds.isEmpty())
+        assertTrue(diff.hasChanges)
+        assertEquals(2, diff.addedCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds detects removed photos`() {
+        val currentIds = setOf(1L, 2L)
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L)
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertTrue(diff.addedIds.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(setOf(3L, 4L), diff.removedIds)
+        assertTrue(diff.hasChanges)
+        assertEquals(2, diff.removedCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds detects both added and removed photos`() {
+        val currentIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 5L, 6L)
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L)
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(setOf(5L, 6L), diff.addedIds)
+        assertEquals(setOf(3L, 4L), diff.removedIds)
+        assertTrue(diff.hasChanges)
+        assertEquals(4, diff.addedCount + diff.removedCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds handles empty current set`() {
+        val currentIds = emptySet<Long>()
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertTrue(diff.addedIds.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(setOf(1L, 2L, 3L), diff.removedIds)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds handles empty indexed set`() {
+        val currentIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+        val indexedIds = emptySet<Long>()
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(setOf(1L, 2L, 3L), diff.addedIds)
+        assertTrue(diff.removedIds.isEmpty())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds handles both empty sets`() {
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(emptySet(), emptySet())
+
+        assertFalse(diff.hasChanges)
+        assertEquals(0, diff.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(0, diff.removedCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `diffIds handles large sets`() {
+        val currentIds = (1L..10000L).toSet()
+        val indexedIds = (1L..8000L).toSet()
+
+        val diff = AlbumChangeDetector.diffIds(currentIds, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(2000, diff.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(0, diff.removedCount)
+    }
+
+    // ============ detect 完整检测测试 ============
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detect returns correct change with added photos`() {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(
+            mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(3), mockPhoto(4)
+        )
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(album, change.album)
+        assertEquals(1, change.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(4L, change.addedPhotos[0].id)
+        assertTrue(change.removedPhotoIds.isEmpty())
+        assertTrue(change.hasChanges)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detect returns correct change with removed photos`() {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2))
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L)
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, indexedIds)
+
+        assertTrue(change.addedPhotos.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(setOf(3L, 4L), change.removedPhotoIds)
+        assertEquals(2, change.removedCount)
+        assertTrue(change.hasChanges)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detect returns correct change with both add and remove`() {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(5), mockPhoto(6))
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L)
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(2, change.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(listOf(5L, 6L), change.addedPhotos.map { it.id })
+        assertEquals(setOf(3L, 4L), change.removedPhotoIds)
+        assertEquals(4, change.totalChangeCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detect returns no change when perfectly synced`() {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(3))
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, indexedIds)
+
+        assertFalse(change.hasChanges)
+        assertEquals(0, change.totalChangeCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detect handles empty album`() {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = emptyList<Photo>()
+        val indexedIds = setOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, indexedIds)
+
+        assertTrue(change.addedPhotos.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(setOf(1L, 2L, 3L), change.removedPhotoIds)
+        assertTrue(change.hasChanges)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detect handles new album with no prior index`() {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(3))
+        val indexedIds = emptySet<Long>()
+
+        val change = AlbumChangeDetector.detect(album, currentPhotos, indexedIds)
+
+        assertEquals(3, change.addedCount)
+        assertTrue(change.removedPhotoIds.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(listOf(1L, 2L, 3L), change.addedPhotos.map { it.id })
+    }
+
+    // ============ detectBatch 批量检测测试 ============
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detectBatch handles multiple albums`() {
+        val album1 = mockAlbum(id = 1, label = "Camera")
+        val album2 = mockAlbum(id = 2, label = "Screenshots")
+
+        val currentPhotosByAlbum = mapOf(
+            1L to listOf(mockPhoto(1, 1), mockPhoto(2, 1), mockPhoto(3, 1)),
+            2L to listOf(mockPhoto(10, 2), mockPhoto(11, 2))
+        )
+        val indexedIdsByAlbum = mapOf(
+            1L to setOf(1L, 2L),
+            2L to setOf(10L, 11L, 12L)
+        )
+
+        val changes = AlbumChangeDetector.detectBatch(
+            listOf(album1, album2),
+            currentPhotosByAlbum,
+            indexedIdsByAlbum
+        )
+
+        assertEquals(2, changes.size)
+
+        // Album 1: added photo 3, no removals
+        val change1 = changes[0]
+        assertEquals(1, change1.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(3L, change1.addedPhotos[0].id)
+        assertTrue(change1.removedPhotoIds.isEmpty())
+
+        // Album 2: no additions, removed photo 12
+        val change2 = changes[1]
+        assertTrue(change2.addedPhotos.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(setOf(12L), change2.removedPhotoIds)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detectBatch handles missing album data gracefully`() {
+        val album1 = mockAlbum(id = 1)
+        val album2 = mockAlbum(id = 2)
+
+        // Only provide data for album1
+        val currentPhotosByAlbum = mapOf(1L to listOf(mockPhoto(1, 1)))
+        val indexedIdsByAlbum = mapOf(1L to setOf(1L))
+
+        val changes = AlbumChangeDetector.detectBatch(
+            listOf(album1, album2),
+            currentPhotosByAlbum,
+            indexedIdsByAlbum
+        )
+
+        assertEquals(2, changes.size)
+        // Album 1: no changes
+        assertFalse(changes[0].hasChanges)
+        // Album 2: no data → no indexed IDs, 1 current photo → 1 addition
+        assertEquals(1, changes[1].addedCount)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/test/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumUpdateServiceTest.kt b/app/src/test/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumUpdateServiceTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..971c8fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/test/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumUpdateServiceTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+package me.grey.picquery.domain
+
+import android.net.Uri
+import io.mockk.coEvery
+import io.mockk.coVerify
+import io.mockk.every
+import io.mockk.mockk
+import io.mockk.verify
+import kotlinx.coroutines.ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.UnconfinedTestDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.AlbumRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.EmbeddingRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.data_source.PhotoRepository
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Album
+import me.grey.picquery.data.model.Photo
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+
+/**
+ * [AlbumUpdateService] 单元测试
+ *
+ * 使用 mockk 模拟所有外部依赖，测试增量更新编排逻辑。
+ */
+@OptIn(ExperimentalCoroutinesApi::class)
+class AlbumUpdateServiceTest {
+
+    private lateinit var photoRepository: PhotoRepository
+    private lateinit var objectBoxRepo: ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository
+    private lateinit var roomEmbeddingRepo: EmbeddingRepository
+    private lateinit var albumRepository: AlbumRepository
+    private lateinit var embeddingService: EmbeddingService
+    private lateinit var service: AlbumUpdateService
+
+    private val testDispatcher = UnconfinedTestDispatcher()
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        photoRepository = mockk(relaxed = true)
+        objectBoxRepo = mockk(relaxed = true)
+        roomEmbeddingRepo = mockk(relaxed = true)
+        albumRepository = mockk(relaxed = true)
+        embeddingService = mockk(relaxed = true)
+
+        service = AlbumUpdateService(
+            photoRepository = photoRepository,
+            objectBoxEmbeddingRepository = objectBoxRepo,
+            embeddingRepository = roomEmbeddingRepo,
+            albumRepository = albumRepository,
+            embeddingService = embeddingService,
+            dispatcher = testDispatcher
+        )
+    }
+
+    private fun mockAlbum(id: Long = 1L, label: String = "Camera") = Album(
+        id = id,
+        label = label,
+        coverPath = "/path/to/cover",
+        timestamp = 1000L,
+        count = 5
+    )
+
+    private fun mockPhoto(id: Long, albumId: Long = 1L) = Photo(
+        id = id,
+        label = "photo_$id",
+        uri = mockk<Uri>(relaxed = true),
+        path = "/path/to/photo_$id",
+        timestamp = 1000L + id,
+        albumID = albumId,
+        albumLabel = "Camera"
+    )
+
+    // ============ detectChanges 测试 ============
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detectChanges returns correct change for added photos`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(3), mockPhoto(4))
+        val indexedIds = listOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        coEvery { photoRepository.getPhotoListByAlbumId(album.id) } returns currentPhotos
+        every { objectBoxRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+        every { roomEmbeddingRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+
+        val change = service.detectChanges(album)
+
+        assertEquals(album, change.album)
+        assertEquals(1, change.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(4L, change.addedPhotos[0].id)
+        assertTrue(change.removedPhotoIds.isEmpty())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detectChanges returns correct change for removed photos`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2))
+        val indexedIds = listOf(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L)
+
+        coEvery { photoRepository.getPhotoListByAlbumId(album.id) } returns currentPhotos
+        every { objectBoxRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+        every { roomEmbeddingRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+
+        val change = service.detectChanges(album)
+
+        assertTrue(change.addedPhotos.isEmpty())
+        assertEquals(setOf(3L, 4L), change.removedPhotoIds)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `detectChanges returns no change when synced`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(3))
+        val indexedIds = listOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        coEvery { photoRepository.getPhotoListByAlbumId(album.id) } returns currentPhotos
+        every { objectBoxRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+        every { roomEmbeddingRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+
+        val change = service.detectChanges(album)
+
+        assertFalse(change.hasChanges)
+    }
+
+    // ============ applyUpdate 测试 ============
+
+    @Test
+    fun `applyUpdate returns NoChange when no changes`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val change = AlbumChange(album, addedPhotos = emptyList(), removedPhotoIds = emptySet())
+
+        val result = service.applyUpdate(change)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.NoChange)
+        // Should not call any encoding or deletion
+        coVerify(exactly = 0) { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) }
+        verify(exactly = 0) { objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(any()) }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `applyUpdate encodes new photos and does not delete when only additions`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val addedPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(4), mockPhoto(5))
+        val change = AlbumChange(album, addedPhotos = addedPhotos, removedPhotoIds = emptySet())
+
+        coEvery { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) } returns true
+        every { photoRepository.getImageCountInAlbum(album.id) } returns 5
+
+        val result = service.applyUpdate(change)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success)
+        val success = result as AlbumUpdateResult.Success
+        assertEquals(2, success.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(0, success.removedCount)
+        assertTrue(success.allEncoded)
+
+        // Verify encode was called with added photos
+        coVerify { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(addedPhotos, any()) }
+        // Verify no deletion happened
+        verify(exactly = 0) { objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(any()) }
+        verify(exactly = 0) { roomEmbeddingRepo.removeByPhotoIds(any()) }
+        // Verify album metadata was updated
+        verify { albumRepository.addSearchableAlbum(any()) }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `applyUpdate deletes stale embeddings and does not encode when only removals`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val removedIds = setOf(3L, 4L, 5L)
+        val change = AlbumChange(album, addedPhotos = emptyList(), removedPhotoIds = removedIds)
+
+        every { photoRepository.getImageCountInAlbum(album.id) } returns 2
+
+        val result = service.applyUpdate(change)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success)
+        val success = result as AlbumUpdateResult.Success
+        assertEquals(0, success.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(3, success.removedCount)
+        assertTrue(success.allEncoded)
+
+        // Verify deletion was called on both repos with matching content
+        verify {
+            objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(removedIds.toLongArray()) })
+        }
+        verify {
+            roomEmbeddingRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(removedIds.toLongArray()) })
+        }
+        // Verify no encoding happened
+        coVerify(exactly = 0) { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) }
+        // Verify album metadata was updated
+        verify { albumRepository.addSearchableAlbum(any()) }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `applyUpdate handles both additions and removals`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val addedPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(5), mockPhoto(6))
+        val removedIds = setOf(3L, 4L)
+        val change = AlbumChange(album, addedPhotos = addedPhotos, removedPhotoIds = removedIds)
+
+        coEvery { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) } returns true
+        every { photoRepository.getImageCountInAlbum(album.id) } returns 4
+
+        val result = service.applyUpdate(change)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success)
+        val success = result as AlbumUpdateResult.Success
+        assertEquals(2, success.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(2, success.removedCount)
+        assertTrue(success.allEncoded)
+
+        // Verify both encoding and deletion happened
+        coVerify { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(addedPhotos, any()) }
+        verify {
+            objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(removedIds.toLongArray()) })
+        }
+        verify {
+            roomEmbeddingRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(removedIds.toLongArray()) })
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `applyUpdate handles encoding failure gracefully`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val addedPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(5))
+        val change = AlbumChange(album, addedPhotos = addedPhotos, removedPhotoIds = emptySet())
+
+        // Simulate encoding failure (encoder busy)
+        coEvery { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) } returns false
+
+        val result = service.applyUpdate(change)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success)
+        val success = result as AlbumUpdateResult.Success
+        assertEquals(0, success.addedCount)
+        assertFalse(success.allEncoded)
+
+        // Album metadata should NOT be updated when encoding fails
+        verify(exactly = 0) { albumRepository.addSearchableAlbum(any()) }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `applyUpdate continues with removals even if encoding fails`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val addedPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(5))
+        val removedIds = setOf(3L, 4L)
+        val change = AlbumChange(album, addedPhotos = addedPhotos, removedPhotoIds = removedIds)
+
+        coEvery { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) } returns false
+
+        val result = service.applyUpdate(change)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success)
+        val success = result as AlbumUpdateResult.Success
+        assertEquals(0, success.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(2, success.removedCount) // Removals still happened
+        assertFalse(success.allEncoded)
+
+        // Verify deletion still happened
+        verify {
+            objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(removedIds.toLongArray()) })
+        }
+        verify {
+            roomEmbeddingRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(removedIds.toLongArray()) })
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ============ updateAlbum (便捷方法) 测试 ============
+
+    @Test
+    fun `updateAlbum detects and applies changes end-to-end`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(5))
+        val indexedIds = listOf(1L, 2L, 3L) // 3 removed, 5 added
+
+        coEvery { photoRepository.getPhotoListByAlbumId(album.id) } returns currentPhotos
+        every { objectBoxRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+        every { roomEmbeddingRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+        coEvery { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) } returns true
+        every { photoRepository.getImageCountInAlbum(album.id) } returns 3
+
+        val result = service.updateAlbum(album)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.Success)
+        val success = result as AlbumUpdateResult.Success
+        assertEquals(1, success.addedCount)
+        assertEquals(1, success.removedCount)
+
+        // Verify remove was called for photo 3
+        verify {
+            objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(match { it.contentEquals(longArrayOf(3L)) })
+        }
+        // Verify encode was called with photo 5
+        coVerify {
+            embeddingService.encodePhotoList(
+                match { photos -> photos.size == 1 && photos[0].id == 5L },
+                any()
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `updateAlbum returns NoChange when album is already synced`() = runTest {
+        val album = mockAlbum()
+        val currentPhotos = listOf(mockPhoto(1), mockPhoto(2), mockPhoto(3))
+        val indexedIds = listOf(1L, 2L, 3L)
+
+        coEvery { photoRepository.getPhotoListByAlbumId(album.id) } returns currentPhotos
+        every { objectBoxRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+        every { roomEmbeddingRepo.getPhotoIdsByAlbumId(album.id) } returns indexedIds
+
+        val result = service.updateAlbum(album)
+
+        assertTrue(result is AlbumUpdateResult.NoChange)
+        coVerify(exactly = 0) { embeddingService.encodePhotoList(any(), any()) }
+        verify(exactly = 0) { objectBoxRepo.removeByPhotoIds(any()) }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gradle/libs.versions.toml b/gradle/libs.versions.toml
index f675755..0aef412 100644
--- a/gradle/libs.versions.toml
+++ b/gradle/libs.versions.toml
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ mlkit-translate = "17.0.3"
 junit = "4.13.2"
 espresso = "3.4.0"
 googleOssLicensesPlugin = "0.10.10"
+mockk = "1.13.16"
+coroutines-test = "1.10.2"
 
 
 [libraries]
@@ -153,6 +155,8 @@ mlkit-translate = { group = "com.google.mlkit", name = "translate", version.ref
 # Testing
 junit = { group = "junit", name = "junit", version.ref = "junit" }
 espresso-core = { group = "androidx.test.espresso", name = "espresso-core", version.ref = "espresso" }
+mockk = { group = "io.mockk", name = "mockk", version.ref = "mockk" }
+coroutines-test = { group = "org.jetbrains.kotlinx", name = "kotlinx-coroutines-test", version.ref = "coroutines-test" }
 
 # SplashScreen
 androidx-splashscreen = { group = "androidx.core", name = "core-splashscreen", version.ref = "androidx-splashscreen" }
diff --git "a/meta/\351\241\271\347\233\256\345\212\237\350\203\275\350\257\246\350\247\243.md" "b/meta/\351\241\271\347\233\256\345\212\237\350\203\275\350\257\246\350\247\243.md"
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6df0eef
--- /dev/null
+++ "b/meta/\351\241\271\347\233\256\345\212\237\350\203\275\350\257\246\350\247\243.md"
@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+# PicQuery 项目功能详解
+
+## 1. 项目概述
+
+PicQuery 是一款 Android 平台的智能图片搜索应用，使用自然语言搜索本地图片，完全离线运行，保护用户隐私。用户可以通过文本描述（如"书桌上的笔记本电脑"、"海边日落"、"草丛中的小猫"）或选择相册中的图片来搜索相似的照片。
+
+### 核心特性
+
+- **完全免费**：无内购，开源项目
+- **双语支持**：支持中英文搜索
+- **隐私保护**：图片索引和搜索全程离线运行
+- **高性能**：8000+照片搜索1秒内出结果
+- **智能搜索**：
+  - 文本搜索：通过自然语言描述查找图片
+  - 图片搜索：通过选择图片查找相似照片
+  - 相似图片分组：自动识别并分组相似图片
+
+## 2. 技术栈
+
+### 2.1 核心技术
+
+- **AI 模型**：
+  - OpenAI CLIP 模型
+  - Apple MobileCLIP 模型
+- **推理引擎**：ONNX Runtime
+- **数据库**：
+  - ObjectBox（向量存储，支持 HNSW 索引）
+  - Room（SQLite ORM）
+- **UI 框架**：Jetpack Compose（Material 3）
+- **架构模式**：MVVM + Clean Architecture
+- **依赖注入**：Koin
+- **异步处理**：Kotlin Coroutines + Flow
+
+### 2.2 开发工具
+
+- **语言**：Kotlin
+- **构建系统**：Gradle
+- **代码质量**：Detekt
+- **日志系统**：Timber
+
+## 3. 架构设计
+
+### 3.1 架构层次
+
+项目采用分层架构设计，遵循 Clean Architecture 原则：
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│           UI Layer (Compose)             │
+│  - Screen（SearchScreen, HomeScreen）   │
+│  - ViewModel（SearchViewModel）         │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                   ↓
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│           Domain Layer                   │
+│  - ImageSearcher（搜索入口）             │
+│  - SearchOrchestrator（搜索协调）        │
+│  - EmbeddingService（编码服务）          │
+│  - AlbumManager（相册管理）              │
+│  - SimilarityManager（相似度管理）       │
+│  - MLKitTranslator（翻译服务）           │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                   ↓
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│           Feature Layer                  │
+│  - ImageEncoder（图像编码器）            │
+│  - TextEncoder（文本编码器）             │
+│  - Preprocessor（预处理器）              │
+│  - CLIP / MobileCLIP 实现                │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                   ↓
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│           Data Layer                     │
+│  - Repository（数据仓库）                │
+│    - ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository       │
+│    - AlbumRepository                    │
+│    - PhotoRepository                    │
+│  - DAO（数据访问对象）                   │
+│    - ObjectBoxEmbeddingDao              │
+│  - Model（数据模型）                     │
+│    - Photo, Album, ObjectBoxEmbedding   │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### 3.2 依赖注入配置
+
+项目使用 Koin 进行依赖注入，模块化组织：
+
+```kotlin
+val AppModules = listOf(
+    dispatchersKoinModule,    // 协程调度器
+    viewModelModules,          // ViewModel
+    dataModules,               // 数据层
+    modulesCLIP,               // CLIP 模型模块（可替换为 modulesMobileCLIP）
+    domainModules,             // 领域层
+    workManagerModule          // WorkManager
+)
+```
+
+## 4. 核心功能流程
+
+### 4.1 图片索引流程
+
+图片索引是将手机相册中的图片编码为向量并存储的过程：
+
+```
+1. 用户选择相册
+   ↓
+2. AlbumManager 获取相册中的图片列表
+   ↓
+3. EmbeddingService 批量编码图片
+   - 加载图片缩略图
+   - 预处理图片（resize, normalize）
+   - 使用 ImageEncoder 编码为向量
+   ↓
+4. 存储向量到 ObjectBox 数据库
+   - photoId：图片唯一标识
+   - albumId：相册标识
+   - data：向量数据（FloatArray, 512维）
+   - HNSW 索引自动构建
+   ↓
+5. 更新可搜索相册列表
+```
+
+**关键代码**：
+- [AlbumManager.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumManager.kt#L140-L190) - 编码相册
+- [EmbeddingService.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/EmbeddingService.kt#L93-L134) - 批量编码图片
+- [ObjectBoxEmbedding.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/model/ObjectBoxEmbedding.kt#L21-L25) - 向量存储模型
+
+### 4.2 文本搜索流程
+
+文本搜索是用户输入文本描述查找相似图片的过程：
+
+```
+1. 用户输入搜索文本（中文或英文）
+   ↓
+2. MLKitTranslator 翻译文本
+   - 中文 → 英文（如果需要）
+   - 翻译失败则使用原文
+   ↓
+3. TextEncoder 编码文本为向量
+   - 使用 CLIP/MobileCLIP 文本编码器
+   - 输出 512 维向量
+   ↓
+4. SearchOrchestrator 执行向量搜索
+   - 使用 ObjectBox HNSW 索引
+   - 查找最相似的 topK 张图片
+   - 应用相似度阈值过滤
+   ↓
+5. 返回搜索结果列表
+   - 每张图片包含相似度得分
+   - 按相似度降序排列
+```
+
+**关键代码**：
+- [SearchOrchestrator.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/SearchOrchestrator.kt#L47-L58) - 文本搜索协调
+- [MLKitTranslator.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/MLKitTranslator.kt#L45-L61) - 翻译服务
+- [ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt#L110-L123) - 向量搜索
+
+### 4.3 图片搜索流程
+
+图片搜索是用户选择一张图片查找相似图片的过程：
+
+```
+1. 用户选择一张图片
+   ↓
+2. EmbeddingService 编码图片为向量
+   - 加载图片 Bitmap
+   - 预处理图片
+   - 使用 ImageEncoder 编码
+   ↓
+3. SearchOrchestrator 执行向量搜索
+   - 与文本搜索相同的流程
+   ↓
+4. 返回相似图片列表
+```
+
+**关键代码**：
+- [SearchOrchestrator.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/SearchOrchestrator.kt#L68-L88) - 图片搜索协调
+- [EmbeddingService.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/EmbeddingService.kt#L79-L83) - 编码单张图片
+
+### 4.4 相似图片分组流程
+
+自动识别和分组相似的图片：
+
+```
+1. 查询所有图片的相似度数据
+   ↓
+2. GroupSimilarPhotosUseCase 分组相似图片
+   - 使用相似度阈值（默认 0.96）
+   - 使用相似度变化范围（delta）
+   - 使用并查集（Union-Find）算法
+   ↓
+3. 返回相似图片组列表
+   - 每组包含至少 2 张相似图片
+```
+
+**关键代码**：
+- [SimilarityManager.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/SimilarityManager.kt#L26-L141) - 相似度管理
+- [UnionFind.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/UnionFind.kt) - 并查集算法
+
+## 5. 多模型架构
+
+### 5.1 模型选择机制
+
+项目支持两种 AI 模型，通过依赖注入切换：
+
+```kotlin
+// 使用 CLIP 模型
+val AppModules = listOf(
+    viewModelModules,
+    dataModules,
+    modulesCLIP,        // ← CLIP 模型模块
+    domainModules
+)
+
+// 使用 MobileCLIP 模型
+val AppModules = listOf(
+    viewModelModules,
+    dataModules,
+    modulesMobileCLIP,  // ← MobileCLIP 模型模块
+    domainModules
+)
+```
+
+### 5.2 编码器接口
+
+定义统一的编码器接口，支持不同模型实现：
+
+```kotlin
+// 图像编码器接口
+fun interface ImageEncoder {
+    suspend fun encodeBatch(bitmaps: List<Bitmap>): List<FloatArray>
+}
+
+// 文本编码器接口
+fun interface TextEncoder {
+    fun encode(input: String): FloatArray
+}
+```
+
+### 5.3 CLIP 模型实现
+
+使用 OpenAI CLIP 模型：
+
+- **模型文件**：
+  - `clip-image-int8.ort`：图像编码器（INT8 量化）
+  - `clip-text-int8.ort`：文本编码器（INT8 量化）
+- **向量维度**：512 维
+- **特点**：通用性强，效果稳定
+
+**关键文件**：
+- [ModuleCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/clip/ModuleCLIP.kt)
+- [ImageEncoderCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/clip/ImageEncoderCLIP.kt)
+- [TextEncoderCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/clip/TextEncoderCLIP.kt)
+
+### 5.4 MobileCLIP 模型实现
+
+使用 Apple MobileCLIP 模型：
+
+- **模型文件**：
+  - `vision_model.ort`：图像编码器
+  - `text_model.ort`：文本编码器
+- **向量维度**：512 维
+- **特点**：专为移动设备优化，速度更快
+
+**关键文件**：
+- [ModulesMobileCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip/ModulesMobileCLIP.kt)
+- [ImageEncoderMobileCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip/ImageEncoderMobileCLIP.kt)
+- [TextEncoderMobileCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip/TextEncoderMobileCLIP.kt)
+
+### 5.5 MobileCLIP v2 模型实现（可选）
+
+项目还包含 MobileCLIP v2 模型变体，提供另一个优化选项：
+
+- **特点**：MobileCLIP 的改进版本，可能提供更好的性能或精度
+- **模块名称**：`modulesMobileCLIP2`
+
+**关键文件**：
+- [ModulesMobileCLIPv2.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip2/ModulesMobileCLIPv2.kt)
+- [ImageEncoderMobileCLIPv2.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip2/ImageEncoderMobileCLIPv2.kt)
+- [TextEncoderMobileCLIPv2.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip2/TextEncoderMobileCLIPv2.kt)
+
+## 6. 翻译管道
+
+### 6.1 翻译流程设计
+
+使用 Google ML Kit 进行文本翻译：
+
+```
+输入文本（中文）
+   ↓
+检测语言（可选）
+   ↓
+翻译：中文 → 英文
+   ↓
+成功：返回英文文本
+失败：返回原始文本
+```
+
+### 6.2 翻译实现
+
+```kotlin
+class MLKitTranslator {
+    private val options = TranslatorOptions.Builder()
+        .setSourceLanguage(TranslateLanguage.CHINESE)
+        .setTargetLanguage(TranslateLanguage.ENGLISH)
+        .build()
+
+    suspend fun translate(
+        text: String,
+        onSuccess: (String) -> Unit,
+        onError: (Exception) -> Unit
+    ): Task<String> {
+        return englishChineseTranslator.translate(text)
+            .addOnSuccessListener { translatedText ->
+                onSuccess(translatedText)
+            }
+            .addOnFailureListener { exception ->
+                onError(exception)
+            }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**关键文件**：
+- [MLKitTranslator.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/MLKitTranslator.kt#L30-L61)
+
+### 6.3 翻译模型管理
+
+- 翻译模型内置在应用中（离线运行）
+- 模型路径：`assets/mlkit/com.google.mlkit.translate.models/`
+- 首次使用时从 assets 复制到应用数据目录
+
+## 7. 数据存储方案
+
+### 7.1 ObjectBox 向量数据库
+
+使用 ObjectBox 存储图片向量：
+
+```kotlin
+@Entity
+data class ObjectBoxEmbedding(
+    @Id var id: Long = 0,
+    @Index val photoId: Long,       // 图片 ID
+    @Index val albumId: Long,       // 相册 ID
+    @HnswIndex(
+        dimensions = 512,
+        distanceType = VectorDistanceType.COSINE
+    )
+    val data: FloatArray            // 向量数据
+)
+```
+
+**优势**：
+- 内置 HNSW 索引：高效的向量搜索
+- 支持向量距离计算：余弦相似度
+- 快速查询：毫秒级响应
+
+### 7.2 Room SQLite 数据库
+
+使用 Room 存储相册和相似度信息：
+
+```kotlin
+@Entity(tableName = "searchable_album")
+data class Album(
+    @PrimaryKey val id: Long,
+    val label: String,              // 相册名称
+    var coverPath: String,          // 封面路径
+    var timestamp: Long,            // 时间戳
+    var count: Long                 // 图片数量
+)
+```
+
+### 7.3 数据仓库模式
+
+使用 Repository 模式统一数据访问：
+
+- **ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository**：向量数据仓库
+- **AlbumRepository**：相册数据仓库
+- **PhotoRepository**：图片数据仓库
+- **PreferenceRepository**：用户偏好仓库
+
+## 8. UI 界面
+
+### 8.1 主要界面
+
+- **HomeScreen**：首页，显示相册列表和索引状态
+- **SearchScreen**：搜索界面，输入文本或选择图片
+- **DisplayScreen**：搜索结果展示界面
+- **PhotoDetailScreen**：图片详情界面
+- **SimilarPhotosScreen**：相似图片分组界面
+- **SettingScreen**：设置界面
+
+### 8.2 Material 3 设计
+
+使用 Material 3 设计系统：
+
+- 动态颜色主题
+- 现代化 UI 组件
+- 流畅的动画效果
+
+**关键文件**：
+- [ThemeM3.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/theme/ThemeM3.kt)
+
+## 9. 性能优化
+
+### 9.1 批量处理优化
+
+图片索引使用批量处理：
+
+```kotlin
+photos.asFlow()
+    .map { loadAndPreprocessPhoto(it) }
+    .filterNotNull()
+    .buffer(1000)           // 缓冲区大小
+    .chunked(100)           // 分块处理
+    .collect { batch ->
+        saveBatchToEmbedding(batch)
+    }
+```
+
+### 9.2 向量索引优化
+
+使用 HNSW 索引加速向量搜索：
+
+- 空间效率：适合大规模向量数据
+- 时间效率：近似最近邻搜索
+- 可配置参数：调整精度和速度平衡
+
+### 9.3 内存管理
+
+- 使用缩略图：避免加载原始大图
+- 批量编码：减少内存峰值
+- 流式处理：避免一次性加载所有数据
+
+## 10. 项目特色
+
+### 10.1 完全离线运行
+
+- **AI 模型本地运行**：ONNX Runtime
+- **翻译本地运行**：ML Kit 离线翻译
+- **数据本地存储**：ObjectBox + Room
+- **隐私保护**：无需上传数据
+
+### 10.2 模型可插拔
+
+- 统一的编码器接口
+- 通过依赖注入切换模型
+- 支持 CLIP、MobileCLIP 和 MobileCLIP v2
+- 易于扩展新模型
+- 所有编码器基于 ONNX Runtime 实现
+
+### 10.3 架构清晰
+
+- 分层架构：职责明确
+- 依赖注入：模块化设计
+- 协程流式处理：异步优化
+- Repository 模式：数据访问统一
+
+## 11. 关键文件索引
+
+### 11.1 领域层（Domain Layer）
+
+- [ImageSearcher.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/ImageSearcher.kt) - 搜索入口
+- [SearchOrchestrator.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/SearchOrchestrator.kt) - 搜索协调
+- [EmbeddingService.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/EmbeddingService.kt) - 编码服务
+- [AlbumManager.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/AlbumManager.kt) - 相册管理
+- [SimilarityManager.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/SimilarityManager.kt) - 相似度管理
+- [MLKitTranslator.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/domain/MLKitTranslator.kt) - 翻译服务
+
+### 11.2 特征层（Feature Layer）
+
+- [ModuleCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/clip/ModuleCLIP.kt) - CLIP 模型模块
+- [ModulesMobileCLIP.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/mobileclip/ModulesMobileCLIP.kt) - MobileCLIP 模型模块
+- [ImageEncoder.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/base/ImageEncoder.kt) - 图像编码器接口
+- [TextEncoder.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/feature/base/TextEncoder.kt) - 文本编码器接口
+
+### 11.3 数据层（Data Layer）
+
+- [ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/data_source/ObjectBoxEmbeddingRepository.kt) - 向量数据仓库
+- [ObjectBoxEmbedding.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/model/ObjectBoxEmbedding.kt) - 向量数据模型
+- [Album.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/model/Album.kt) - 相册数据模型
+- [Photo.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/data/model/Photo.kt) - 图片数据模型
+
+### 11.4 UI 层
+
+- [SearchScreen.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/ui/search/SearchScreen.kt) - 搜索界面
+- [HomeScreen.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/ui/home/HomeScreen.kt) - 首页界面
+- [AppModules.kt](file:///d:/data/script/code/picquery/PicQuery/app/src/main/java/me/grey/picquery/common/AppModules.kt) - 依赖注入配置
+
+## 12. 总结
+
+PicQuery 是一个功能完整、架构清晰的 Android 智能图片搜索应用。它通过 CLIP/MobileCLIP 模型实现了高质量的文本-图片检索能力，支持完全离线运行，保护用户隐私。项目采用现代 Android 开发最佳实践，包括 Jetpack Compose、Kotlin Coroutines、Clean Architecture 和依赖注入，代码结构清晰，易于理解和扩展。
+
+核心技术亮点：
+1. **AI 模型本地运行**：ONNX Runtime 推理，无需服务器
+2. **高效向量搜索**：ObjectBox HNSW 索引，毫秒级响应
+3. **多模型支持**：CLIP、MobileCLIP 和 MobileCLIP v2 可切换
+4. **双语搜索**：ML Kit 离线翻译，支持中英文
+5. **相似图片分组**：并查集算法，自动识别相似图片
+6. **现代架构**：分层设计，依赖注入，流式处理
+
+该项目展示了如何在移动设备上实现高质量的 AI 应用，平衡了性能、隐私和用户体验，是学习移动 AI 应用开发的优秀案例。
\ No newline at end of file