diff --git a/app/plugins/render-tracer.server.ts b/app/plugins/render-tracer.server.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfa6fd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/plugins/render-tracer.server.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { trace } from '@opentelemetry/api'
+import { finishRenderSpan, getRenderTrace, startRenderSpan } from '../../utils/render-trace'
+
+export default defineNuxtPlugin({
+  name: 'comark-render-tracer',
+  enforce: 'pre',
+  setup(nuxtApp) {
+    const event = nuxtApp.ssrContext?.event
+    if (!event) return
+
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event)
+    if (!state?.render) return
+
+    nuxtApp.hook('app:rendered', () => {
+      finishRenderSpan(state, 'vue')
+      state.finalize = startRenderSpan(
+        trace.getTracer('comark-content'),
+        state.isPayload ? 'nuxt:render:payload' : 'nuxt:render:finalize',
+        state.render
+      )
+    })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/server/plugins/tracer.ts b/server/plugins/tracer.ts
index 91266a7..a87f027 100644
--- a/server/plugins/tracer.ts
+++ b/server/plugins/tracer.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
-import { context, propagation } from '@opentelemetry/api'
-import { ensureLocalTracer, localTraceEnabled, shutdownLocalTracer } from '../utils/tracer'
+import { context, propagation, SpanStatusCode } from '@opentelemetry/api'
+import type { H3Event } from 'h3'
+import {
+  createRenderTrace,
+  finishRenderSpan,
+  getRenderTrace,
+  startRenderSpan,
+  type RenderTraceState,
+} from '../../utils/render-trace'
+import { contentTracer, ensureLocalTracer, localTraceEnabled, shutdownLocalTracer } from '../utils/tracer'
 import { registerOTel } from '@vercel/otel'
 
 export default defineNitroPlugin((nitro) => {
@@ -18,4 +26,92 @@ export default defineNitroPlugin((nitro) => {
     const requestContext = propagation.extract(context.active(), getRequestHeaders(event))
     return context.with(requestContext, () => handler(event))
   }
+
+  const tracer = contentTracer()
+  if (!tracer) return
+
+  const startRequestTrace = (event: H3Event) => {
+    const path = event.path
+    const isPayload = /(?:^|\/)_payload\.json(?:\?|$)/.test(path)
+    const state = createRenderTrace(event, isPayload)
+    state.request = startRenderSpan(tracer, 'nitro:request', undefined, {
+      'http.request.method': event.method,
+      'url.path': path,
+      'nuxt.render.payload': isPayload,
+    })
+    return state
+  }
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('request', (event) => {
+    const accept = getRequestHeader(event, 'accept') || ''
+    const isPayload = /(?:^|\/)_payload\.json(?:\?|$)/.test(event.path)
+    if (isPayload || accept.includes('text/html')) startRequestTrace(event)
+  })
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('render:before', ({ event }) => {
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event) || startRequestTrace(event)
+    state.render = startRenderSpan(tracer, 'nuxt:render', state.request, {
+      'nuxt.render.payload': state.isPayload,
+      'nitro.cache.enabled': Boolean(event.context.cache),
+    })
+  })
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('render:route', ({ canStream, prefersStream }, { event }) => {
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event)
+    if (!state?.render) return
+    state.vue = startRenderSpan(tracer, 'nuxt:render:vue', state.render, {
+      'nuxt.render.can_stream': canStream,
+      'nuxt.render.prefers_stream': prefersStream,
+    })
+  })
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('render:html', (_html, { event, streaming }) => {
+    // Streaming calls this hook before Vue renders the body. ISR and payload
+    // responses are buffered, which gives us the post-render boundary below.
+    if (streaming) return
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event)
+    if (!state?.render) return
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'finalize')
+    state.html = startRenderSpan(tracer, 'nuxt:render:html', state.render)
+  })
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('render:response', (response, { event }) => {
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event)
+    if (!state) return
+
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'vue')
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'finalize')
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'html')
+    if (response.statusCode) state.render?.setAttribute('http.response.status_code', response.statusCode)
+    if (typeof response.body === 'string') {
+      state.render?.setAttribute('http.response.body.size', new TextEncoder().encode(response.body).byteLength)
+    }
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'render')
+    state.response = startRenderSpan(tracer, 'nitro:response', state.request)
+  })
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('afterResponse', (event) => {
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event)
+    if (!state) return
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'response')
+    finishRenderSpan(state, 'request')
+  })
+
+  nitro.hooks.hook('error', (error, { event }) => {
+    if (!event) return
+    const state = getRenderTrace(event)
+    if (!state) return
+    markRenderTraceFailed(state, error)
+  })
 })
+
+function markRenderTraceFailed(state: RenderTraceState, error: unknown): void {
+  const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : String(error)
+  for (const key of ['vue', 'finalize', 'html', 'render', 'response', 'request'] as const) {
+    const span = state[key]
+    if (!span) continue
+    span.recordException(exception)
+    span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR })
+    finishRenderSpan(state, key)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/utils/render-trace.ts b/utils/render-trace.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..841d78c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/render-trace.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { context, trace, type Attributes, type Span, type Tracer } from '@opentelemetry/api'
+import type { H3Event } from 'h3'
+
+export interface RenderTraceState {
+  request?: Span
+  render?: Span
+  vue?: Span
+  finalize?: Span
+  html?: Span
+  response?: Span
+  isPayload: boolean
+}
+
+type TracedEventContext = H3Event['context'] & {
+  _comarkRenderTrace?: RenderTraceState
+}
+
+export function getRenderTrace(event: H3Event): RenderTraceState | undefined {
+  return (event.context as TracedEventContext)._comarkRenderTrace
+}
+
+export function createRenderTrace(event: H3Event, isPayload: boolean): RenderTraceState {
+  const state = { isPayload }
+  ;(event.context as TracedEventContext)._comarkRenderTrace = state
+  return state
+}
+
+export function startRenderSpan(
+  tracer: Tracer,
+  name: string,
+  parent?: Span,
+  attributes?: Attributes
+): Span {
+  const parentContext = parent ? trace.setSpan(context.active(), parent) : context.active()
+  return tracer.startSpan(name, { attributes }, parentContext)
+}
+
+export function finishRenderSpan(
+  state: RenderTraceState,
+  key: Exclude<keyof RenderTraceState, 'isPayload'>
+): void {
+  state[key]?.end()
+  state[key] = undefined
+}