diff --git a/crates/gateway/src/proxy/responses_ws.rs b/crates/gateway/src/proxy/responses_ws.rs
index 8180af0a..41a1e09a 100644
--- a/crates/gateway/src/proxy/responses_ws.rs
+++ b/crates/gateway/src/proxy/responses_ws.rs
@@ -22,10 +22,21 @@
 //! logged exactly like the HTTP request it stands for, and the API key was
 //! checked on the upgrade by the same middleware.
 //!
-//! What this does not carry over: a connection-local store of the previous
-//! response. Each turn goes upstream as its own request, so a
-//! `previous_response_id` works only against an upstream that stored that
-//! response.
+//! # The previous response is kept on the connection
+//!
+//! OpenAI's socket mode keeps the connection's most recent response in
+//! memory, so a turn can name it in `previous_response_id` even with
+//! `store: false` — which is how Codex runs. The desktop gateway gets that
+//! for free by piping the whole socket to one upstream socket. Here each
+//! turn is a separate upstream request, possibly to an upstream in another
+//! format with no such store, so the connection keeps it instead: the
+//! conversation so far (the turn's full input and the output items of its
+//! `response.completed`). A turn whose `previous_response_id` names it goes
+//! upstream with that history written into `input` and no
+//! `previous_response_id` — valid against any upstream, and billed as
+//! what it is. Like OpenAI, only the most recent response is kept; a
+//! `previous_response_id` naming anything else goes upstream as sent, for
+//! an upstream that stored it.
 //!
 //! A refusal — before the stream opens or during it — is a
 //! `response.failed` frame, the event Responses clients dispatch on; the
@@ -74,6 +85,8 @@ async fn serve(
     let (mut tx, mut rx) = socket.split();
     // Turns the client sent while one was still running.
     let mut queued: VecDeque<Message> = VecDeque::new();
+    // The connection's most recent response.
+    let mut last: Option<Last> = None;
     loop {
         let message = match queued.pop_front() {
             Some(m) => m,
@@ -90,20 +103,28 @@ async fn serve(
             Message::Ping(_) | Message::Pong(_) => continue,
         };
         let turn = match body {
-            Ok(body) => {
+            Ok(mut body) => {
+                let history = continue_from(&mut body, last.as_ref());
                 let answer = generate(
                     state.clone(),
                     headers.clone(),
                     identity.clone(),
                     None,
-                    Bytes::from(body),
+                    Bytes::from(Value::Object(body).to_string()),
                     RESPONSES,
                     "/v1/responses",
                     None,
                 )
                 .await;
                 match answer {
-                    Ok(resp) => relay(resp, &mut tx, &mut rx, &mut queued).await,
+                    Ok(resp) => {
+                        let (turn, completed) = relay(resp, &mut tx, &mut rx, &mut queued).await;
+                        // A failed turn leaves the chain where it was.
+                        if let (Some(history), Some(done)) = (history, completed) {
+                            last = Last::of(history, &done).or(last);
+                        }
+                        turn
+                    }
                     Err(e) => {
                         let e = e.error();
                         refuse(&mut tx, e.status_code(), &e.to_string()).await
@@ -120,7 +141,7 @@ async fn serve(
 }
 
 /// The request body a `response.create` frame stands for, as a stream.
-fn request_of(text: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+fn request_of(text: &str) -> Result<serde_json::Map<String, Value>, String> {
     let not_create =
         || "Only response.create messages are accepted on this connection.".to_string();
     let Ok(Value::Object(mut frame)) = serde_json::from_str::<Value>(text) else {
@@ -135,10 +156,75 @@ fn request_of(text: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
         _ => frame,
     };
     body.insert("stream".into(), Value::Bool(true));
-    Ok(Value::Object(body).to_string().into_bytes())
+    Ok(body)
+}
+
+/// A response this connection produced, as the conversation up to and
+/// including it: every input item the turn went upstream with, then the
+/// response's output items.
+struct Last {
+    id: String,
+    items: Vec<Value>,
 }
 
-/// Send the turn's SSE to the client, a frame per event.
+impl Last {
+    /// From a turn's full input and its `response.completed` response.
+    fn of(mut items: Vec<Value>, response: &Value) -> Option<Last> {
+        let id = response.get("id")?.as_str()?.to_string();
+        for item in response.get("output")?.as_array()? {
+            let mut item = item.clone();
+            // Output item ids refer to the upstream's store, which a
+            // `store: false` turn never wrote to; sent back as input they
+            // would be looked up and not found. `call_id` is what ties a
+            // tool result to its call, and stays.
+            if let Some(o) = item.as_object_mut() {
+                o.remove("id");
+                o.remove("status");
+            }
+            items.push(item);
+        }
+        Some(Last { id, items })
+    }
+}
+
+/// The turn's `input` as a list of items: a bare string is one user
+/// message.
+fn input_items(body: &serde_json::Map<String, Value>) -> Vec<Value> {
+    match body.get("input") {
+        Some(Value::Array(items)) => items.clone(),
+        Some(Value::String(text)) => {
+            vec![serde_json::json!({"type": "message", "role": "user", "content": text})]
+        }
+        _ => Vec::new(),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Continue from the connection's last response if the turn names it:
+/// its history goes into `input` and `previous_response_id` goes away.
+///
+/// Returns the turn's whole conversation, to keep once it completes —
+/// `None` when the turn still points at an earlier response this
+/// connection does not have, so its history is not all here.
+fn continue_from(
+    body: &mut serde_json::Map<String, Value>,
+    last: Option<&Last>,
+) -> Option<Vec<Value>> {
+    let previous = body.get("previous_response_id").and_then(Value::as_str);
+    let mut items = match (previous, last) {
+        (None, _) => Vec::new(),
+        (Some(p), Some(l)) if p == l.id => l.items.clone(),
+        (Some(_), _) => return None,
+    };
+    items.extend(input_items(body));
+    if previous.is_some() {
+        body.remove("previous_response_id");
+        body.insert("input".into(), Value::Array(items.clone()));
+    }
+    Some(items)
+}
+
+/// Send the turn's SSE to the client, a frame per event, and hand back the
+/// `response` of its `response.completed`, if it got that far.
 ///
 /// Dropping the response body cancels the turn: the pipeline's tail then
 /// records it as cancelled by the client, as for an HTTP stream.
@@ -147,9 +233,10 @@ async fn relay(
     tx: &mut futures::stream::SplitSink<WebSocket, Message>,
     rx: &mut futures::stream::SplitStream<WebSocket>,
     queued: &mut VecDeque<Message>,
-) -> Turn {
+) -> (Turn, Option<Value>) {
     let mut body = resp.into_body().into_data_stream();
     let mut decoder = Decoder::default();
+    let mut completed = None;
     loop {
         tokio::select! {
             chunk = body.next() => {
@@ -160,19 +247,22 @@ async fn relay(
                 for f in frames {
                     // Every Responses event is a JSON object; nothing else
                     // is a frame.
-                    if serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&f.data).is_err() {
+                    let Ok(mut event) = serde_json::from_str::<Value>(&f.data) else {
                         continue;
+                    };
+                    if event.get("type").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some("response.completed") {
+                        completed = event.get_mut("response").map(Value::take);
                     }
                     if tx.send(Message::Text(f.data.into())).await.is_err() {
-                        return Turn::Gone;
+                        return (Turn::Gone, None);
                     }
                 }
                 if end {
-                    return Turn::Done;
+                    return (Turn::Done, completed);
                 }
             }
             incoming = rx.next() => match incoming {
-                Some(Ok(Message::Close(_))) | Some(Err(_)) | None => return Turn::Gone,
+                Some(Ok(Message::Close(_))) | Some(Err(_)) | None => return (Turn::Gone, None),
                 Some(Ok(m @ (Message::Text(_) | Message::Binary(_)))) => queued.push_back(m),
                 Some(Ok(_)) => {}
             },
@@ -204,7 +294,52 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
     fn body(text: &str) -> Value {
-        serde_json::from_slice(&request_of(text).unwrap()).unwrap()
+        Value::Object(request_of(text).unwrap())
+    }
+
+    fn create(v: Value) -> serde_json::Map<String, Value> {
+        request_of(&v.to_string()).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_turn_naming_the_last_response_carries_its_history() {
+        let mut first =
+            create(serde_json::json!({"type": "response.create", "model": "m", "input": "one"}));
+        let history = continue_from(&mut first, None).unwrap();
+        let done = serde_json::json!({"id": "resp_1", "output": [
+            {"id": "msg_1", "type": "message", "role": "assistant", "status": "completed",
+             "content": [{"type": "output_text", "text": "hi"}]},
+            {"id": "fc_1", "type": "function_call", "call_id": "call_1", "name": "f", "arguments": "{}"},
+        ]});
+        let last = Last::of(history, &done).unwrap();
+
+        let mut second = create(serde_json::json!({"type": "response.create", "model": "m",
+            "previous_response_id": "resp_1",
+            "input": [{"type": "function_call_output", "call_id": "call_1", "output": "ok"}]}));
+        let kept = continue_from(&mut second, Some(&last)).unwrap();
+        assert!(second.get("previous_response_id").is_none());
+        let input = second["input"].as_array().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(input.len(), 4);
+        assert_eq!(input[0]["content"], "one");
+        assert_eq!(input[1]["role"], "assistant");
+        assert!(input[1].get("id").is_none() && input[1].get("status").is_none());
+        assert_eq!(input[2]["call_id"], "call_1");
+        assert!(input[2].get("id").is_none());
+        assert_eq!(input[3]["type"], "function_call_output");
+        assert_eq!(kept.len(), 4);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_response_this_connection_does_not_have_goes_upstream_as_sent() {
+        let last = Last {
+            id: "resp_1".into(),
+            items: vec![serde_json::json!({"x": 1})],
+        };
+        let mut turn = create(serde_json::json!({"type": "response.create", "model": "m",
+            "previous_response_id": "resp_0", "input": "two"}));
+        assert!(continue_from(&mut turn, Some(&last)).is_none());
+        assert_eq!(turn["previous_response_id"], "resp_0");
+        assert_eq!(turn["input"], "two");
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/crates/test-support/tests/gateway_responses_ws.rs b/crates/test-support/tests/gateway_responses_ws.rs
index 9f6165fe..72fcf75f 100644
--- a/crates/test-support/tests/gateway_responses_ws.rs
+++ b/crates/test-support/tests/gateway_responses_ws.rs
@@ -184,3 +184,65 @@ async fn limits_apply_per_turn_and_a_refusal_keeps_the_connection() {
     assert_eq!(refused.last().unwrap()["type"], "response.failed");
     socket.send(Message::Ping(vec![1])).await.unwrap();
 }
+
+/// OpenAI's socket mode keeps the connection's last response, so a turn
+/// can continue from it with `store: false` (how Codex runs). The
+/// connection keeps it here: the next turn goes upstream — to a Chat
+/// upstream, which has no such store — with the whole conversation.
+#[ignore = "integration test — run via `make test-it`"]
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn a_turn_continues_from_the_connections_last_response() {
+    let app = TestApp::spawn().await;
+    let upstream = MockProvider::openai_chat_stream_ok("ws-chain").await;
+    let (_, key) = seed(&app, &upstream.uri(), "ws-chain").await;
+
+    let mut socket = connect(&app, &key).await;
+    socket
+        .send(Message::Text(
+            json!({"type": "response.create", "model": "ws-chain", "store": false, "input": "one"})
+                .to_string(),
+        ))
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    let first = turn(&mut socket).await;
+    let id = first.last().unwrap()["response"]["id"]
+        .as_str()
+        .expect("response id")
+        .to_string();
+
+    socket
+        .send(Message::Text(
+            json!({"type": "response.create", "model": "ws-chain", "store": false,
+                   "previous_response_id": id, "input": "two"})
+            .to_string(),
+        ))
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    let second = turn(&mut socket).await;
+    assert_eq!(
+        second.last().unwrap()["type"],
+        "response.completed",
+        "{second:?}"
+    );
+
+    let sent = upstream.received_requests().await;
+    assert_eq!(sent.len(), 2);
+    let body: Value = sent[1].body_json().unwrap();
+    let said: Vec<(&str, String)> = body["messages"]
+        .as_array()
+        .unwrap()
+        .iter()
+        .map(|m| {
+            let text = match &m["content"] {
+                Value::String(s) => s.clone(),
+                other => other.to_string(),
+            };
+            (m["role"].as_str().unwrap(), text)
+        })
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(said.len(), 3, "{body}");
+    assert_eq!(said[0], ("user", "one".to_string()), "{body}");
+    assert_eq!(said[1].0, "assistant", "{body}");
+    assert!(said[1].1.contains("hi there"), "{body}");
+    assert_eq!(said[2], ("user", "two".to_string()), "{body}");
+}