Added Orbital Period Algorithm in Physics

Author: MSameer404

physics/orbital_period.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""
+The time period of a satellite is the time taken by a satellite to
+complete one full orbit around a celestial body.
+
+T = 2π * sqrt((R + h)^3 / (G * M))
+
+G is the Universal Gravitational Constant and equals 6.674 × 10^-11 N m²/kg²
+M is the mass of the celestial body (kg)
+R is the radius of the celestial body (m)
+h is the height of the satellite above the surface (m)
+
+Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_period
+"""
+
+
+def time_period_of_satellite(mass: float, radius: float, height: float) -> float:
+    """
+    Calculate the time period of a satellite orbiting a celestial body
+
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(5.972e24, 6.371e6, 3.5e5)
+    5562.65
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(5.972e24, 6.371e6, 0)
+    5060.84
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(7.342e22, 1.737e6, 1.0e5)
+    7045.95
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(6.39e23, 3.389e6, 3.0e5)
+    7113.64
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(-5.972e24, 6.371e6, 3.5e5)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Mass must be a positive value
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(5.972e24, -6.371e6, 3.5e5)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Radius must be a positive value
+    >>> time_period_of_satellite(5.972e24, 6.371e6, -3.5e5)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Height must be a non-negative value
+    """
+    if mass <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Mass must be a positive value")
+    if radius <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Radius must be a positive value")
+    if height < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Height must be a non-negative value")
+
+    import math
+    return round(2 * math.pi * ((radius + height) ** 3 / (6.674e-11 * mass)) ** 0.5, 2)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()