Add XOR swap without temporary variable

Author: PixelCode01

bit_manipulation/swap_without_temp.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+"""
+Swap two integers without using a temporary variable or arithmetic operators.
+
+This implementation relies on the properties of the bitwise XOR (exclusive OR)
+operator. XOR-ing two values twice with the same operand restores the original
+value, which makes it possible to exchange two integers without allocating an
+extra variable or performing arithmetic.
+
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR
+"""
+
+
+def swap_without_temp(first: int, second: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
+    """Return ``second`` and ``first`` without using a temporary variable.
+
+    >>> swap_without_temp(3, 7)
+    (7, 3)
+    >>> swap_without_temp(-5, 12)
+    (12, -5)
+    >>> swap_without_temp(0, 0)
+    (0, 0)
+    >>> swap_without_temp(2**31 - 1, -2**31)
+    (-2147483648, 2147483647)
+    >>> swap_without_temp(True, 1)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    TypeError: swap_without_temp expects two integers
+    >>> swap_without_temp(1.5, 2)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    TypeError: swap_without_temp expects two integers
+    """
+
+    if type(first) is not int or type(second) is not int:
+        raise TypeError("swap_without_temp expects two integers")
+
+    if first == second:
+        return first, second
+
+    first ^= second
+    second ^= first
+    first ^= second
+    return first, second
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()