Program.cs

using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using CommandLine;
using MineChat.Protocol;
using MineChat.Server.Connection;
using MineChat.Server.Logging;
using Serilog;
using Serilog.Events;

namespace MineChat.Server;

class Program
{
    private const string CertFile = "server.pfx";
    private const string CertPassword = "minechat";

    private static readonly ConcurrentBag<ClientConnection> _connections = [];
    private static CancellationTokenSource? _cts;

    static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {
        var result = Parser.Default.ParseArguments<Args>(args);
        await result.WithParsedAsync(RunOptions);
        result.WithNotParsed(HandleParseError);
    }

    static async Task RunOptions(Args args)
    {

        Log.Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
            .MinimumLevel.Debug()
            .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft", LogEventLevel.Information)
            .WriteTo.Console(outputTemplate: "[{Timestamp:HH:mm:ss} {Level:u3}] {Message:lj}{NewLine}{Exception}")
            .WriteTo.File(
                DefaultServerConfig.LogFilePath,
                rollingInterval: RollingInterval.Day,
                outputTemplate: "{Timestamp:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff zzz} [{Level:u3}] {Message:lj}{NewLine}{Exception}")
            .CreateLogger();

        Console.WriteLine("<-- MineChat Testing Server -->");

        var chatLogger = new ChatLogger();
        _cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
        Console.CancelKeyPress += (_, e) =>
        {
            e.Cancel = true;
            Log.Information("Shutdown signal received, closing connections...");
            _cts.Cancel();
        };

        AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += (_, _) =>
        {
            Log.Information("Process exiting, closing all connections...");
            foreach (var conn in _connections)
            {
                conn.Close();
            }
            Log.CloseAndFlush();
        };

        var serverCert = GetOrCreateCertificate();

        var listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, args.Port);
        listener.Start();

        Log.Information("Listening on TCP {Port} with TLS...", args.Port);
        Log.Information("Press Ctrl+C to stop");

        try
        {
            while (!_cts.Token.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                try
                {
                    var client = await listener.AcceptTcpClientAsync(_cts.Token);

                    if (_connections.Count >= DefaultServerConfig.MaxClients)
                    {
                        Log.Warning("Max clients {MaxClients} reached, rejecting new connection from {RemoteEndPoint}",
                            DefaultServerConfig.MaxClients, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint);
                        client.Close();
                        continue;
                    }

                    Log.Information("Client connected: {RemoteEndPoint}", client.Client.RemoteEndPoint);

                    var connectionId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N")[..8];
                    var connection = new ClientConnection(client, serverCert, connectionId, _cts.Token,
                        TimeSpan.FromSeconds(DefaultServerConfig.KeepAliveTimeoutSeconds),
                        DefaultServerConfig.PingIntervalSeconds,
                        DefaultServerConfig.ConnectionTimeoutSeconds,
                        chatLogger,
                        BroadcastChatMessage);

                    _connections.Add(connection);
                    _ = connection.RunAsync().ContinueWith(t =>
                    {
                        _connections.TryTake(out var _);
                        if (t.IsFaulted)
                        {
                            Log.Error(t.Exception, "Connection {ConnectionId} failed", connectionId);
                        }
                    });
                }
                catch (OperationCanceledException)
                {
                    break;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Log.Error(ex, "Accept error");
                }
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            Log.Information("Server shutting down...");

            foreach (var conn in _connections)
            {
                try
                {
                    conn.SendSystemDisconnect(SystemDisconnectReason.SHUTDOWN, "Server shutting down");
                    conn.Close();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Log.Warning(ex, "Failed to close connection {ConnectionId} during shutdown", conn.ConnectionId);
                }
            }

            listener.Stop();
            Log.CloseAndFlush();
        }
    }

    static void HandleParseError(IEnumerable<Error> errs)
    {

    }

    static X509Certificate2 GetOrCreateCertificate()
    {
        if (File.Exists(CertFile))
        {
            return X509CertificateLoader.LoadPkcs12FromFile(CertFile, CertPassword, X509KeyStorageFlags.DefaultKeySet, null);
        }

        Log.Information("Generating self-signed certificate...");

        var distinguishedName = new X500DistinguishedName("CN=localhost");
        using var rsa = RSA.Create(2048);

        var request = new CertificateRequest(distinguishedName, rsa, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, RSASignaturePadding.Pkcs1);
        request.CertificateExtensions.Add(
            new X509KeyUsageExtension(
                X509KeyUsageFlags.DigitalSignature | X509KeyUsageFlags.KeyEncipherment,
                critical: true
            )
        );
        request.CertificateExtensions.Add(
            new X509EnhancedKeyUsageExtension(
                new OidCollection { new Oid("1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1") },
                critical: false
            )
        );

        var sanBuilder = new SubjectAlternativeNameBuilder();
        sanBuilder.AddDnsName("localhost");
        sanBuilder.AddIpAddress(IPAddress.Loopback);
        request.CertificateExtensions.Add(sanBuilder.Build());

        var utcNow = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow;
        var certificate = request.CreateSelfSigned(
            utcNow.AddMinutes(-5),
            utcNow.AddYears(1)
        );

        var pfxBytes = certificate.Export(X509ContentType.Pfx, CertPassword);
        File.WriteAllBytes(CertFile, pfxBytes);

        Log.Information("Certificate saved to {CertFile}", CertFile);

        return X509CertificateLoader.LoadPkcs12FromFile(CertFile, CertPassword, X509KeyStorageFlags.DefaultKeySet, null);
    }

    private static void BroadcastChatMessage(ChatMessagePayload payload, string? excludeConnectionId)
    {
        foreach (var conn in _connections)
        {
            if (conn.IsAuthenticated && (excludeConnectionId == null || conn.ConnectionId != excludeConnectionId))
            {
                try
                {
                    var formatToUse = SelectFormatForClient(payload.Format, conn.SupportedFormats, conn.PreferredFormat);
                    var transformedPayload = new ChatMessagePayload(formatToUse, payload.Content);
                    conn.SendPacket(PacketTypes.CHAT_MESSAGE, transformedPayload);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Log.Warning(ex, "Failed to send to connection {ConnectionId}", conn.ConnectionId);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static string SelectFormatForClient(string originalFormat, IReadOnlyList<string>? supportedFormats, string? preferredFormat)
    {
        if (supportedFormats == null || supportedFormats.Count == 0)
            return "components";

        var formats = supportedFormats.ToHashSet();

        if (preferredFormat != null && formats.Contains(preferredFormat))
            return preferredFormat;

        if (formats.Contains(originalFormat))
            return originalFormat;

        if (formats.Contains("commonmark"))
            return "commonmark";

        if (formats.Contains("components"))
            return "components";

        return "components";
    }

}