diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index eea696893..c3f3070e5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@
 - Display the analyzed song tempo (BPM) as a badge in the rehearsal workspace.
 - 각 합주 역할(Role)별 개인 연습 진행도를 0~100% 범위로 기록 및 시각화할 수 있는 연습 진척도(`practiceProgress`) 트래커 기능 추가. UI 컨트롤(슬라이더 및 +/- 버튼)과 한/영 다국어 지원 포함.
 
+### Changed
+
+- Localize Workspace export, stem-player, loop, solo, mute, and transcription controls in English and Korean, including single-pass literal placeholder interpolation that never reinterprets placeholder-looking replacement text and an accessible localized role fallback.
+
 ## [0.1.3] - 2026-04-29
 
 ### Fixed
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.test.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.test.tsx
index a3da5ffe6..3cbdbca31 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.test.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.test.tsx
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ describe("Workspace", () => {
   });
 
   it("enables bass transcription from selected role metadata rather than role id text", () => {
+    setNavigatorLanguage("en-US");
     const song = createDemoRehearsalSong();
     song.sections[0]!.roles[0] = {
       ...song.sections[0]!.roles[0]!,
@@ -96,11 +97,30 @@ describe("Workspace", () => {
     render(<Workspace song={song} />);
     fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Bass Guitar" }));
 
-    const transcribeButton = screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Transcribe Bass" }) as HTMLButtonElement;
+    const transcribeButton = screen.getByRole("button", { name: /Transcribe Bass/ }) as HTMLButtonElement;
     expect(transcribeButton.disabled).toBe(false);
     expect(transcribeButton.title).toBe("Transcribe part");
   });
 
+  it("names unavailable transcription for the selected non-bass role", () => {
+    setNavigatorLanguage("en-US");
+    const song = createDemoRehearsalSong();
+    song.sections[0]!.roles[0] = {
+      ...song.sections[0]!.roles[0]!,
+      id: "guitar-role",
+      name: "Guitar"
+    };
+
+    render(<Workspace song={song} />);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Guitar" }));
+
+    const label = "Guitar transcription is coming soon. Bass is ready first.";
+    const transcribeButton = screen.getByRole("button", { name: label });
+    expect(transcribeButton).toHaveTextContent("Transcribe part");
+    expect(transcribeButton).toHaveAttribute("aria-disabled", "true");
+    expect(transcribeButton).toHaveAttribute("title", label);
+  });
+
   it("renders bass transcription in the dark rehearsal cockpit system", () => {
     const song = createDemoRehearsalSong();
     song.sections[0]!.roles[0] = {
@@ -269,5 +289,8 @@ describe("Workspace", () => {
     expect(screen.getByText("스템")).toBeTruthy();
     expect(screen.getByText("합주 우선순위")).toBeTruthy();
     expect(screen.getByText("역할과 화성")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "큐 시트 내보내기 (CSV)" })).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "차트 요약 내보내기 (JSON)" })).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "핸드오프 데이터 내보내기 (JSON)" })).toBeTruthy();
   });
 });
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.tsx
index 71546b524..dda6628a4 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/features/workspace/Workspace.tsx
@@ -150,6 +150,9 @@ export function Workspace({ song, sourceBootstrap = null, onSongUpdate }: Worksp
     return roleMap.get(activeRole);
   }, [activeRole, roleMap]);
   const canTranscribeBass = activeRoleDetails?.name.toLowerCase().includes("bass") ?? false;
+  const transcriptionUnavailableLabel = t("transcriptionComingSoon", {
+    roleName: activeRoleDetails?.name ?? t("thisRole")
+  });
 
   /** Handle the practice progress change internally by immutably updating the song state. */
   const handlePracticeProgressChange = (newProgress: number) => {
@@ -263,7 +266,7 @@ export function Workspace({ song, sourceBootstrap = null, onSongUpdate }: Worksp
                 className="min-h-10 border-cyan-300/30 bg-cyan-300/10 font-semibold text-cyan-50 shadow-[0_10px_30px_rgba(34,211,238,0.16)] hover:bg-cyan-300/20 hover:text-white"
             >
                 <Download className="mr-2 size-4 text-cyan-200" aria-hidden="true" />
-              Export Cue Sheet (CSV)
+              {t("exportCueSheetCsv")}
             </Button>
             <Button
               variant="outline"
@@ -272,7 +275,7 @@ export function Workspace({ song, sourceBootstrap = null, onSongUpdate }: Worksp
                 className="min-h-10 border-white/10 bg-white/5 font-semibold text-slate-100 shadow-sm hover:bg-white/10 hover:text-white"
             >
                 <Download className="mr-2 size-4 text-slate-300" aria-hidden="true" />
-              Export Chart (JSON)
+              {t("exportChartJson")}
             </Button>
             <Button
               variant="outline"
@@ -281,7 +284,7 @@ export function Workspace({ song, sourceBootstrap = null, onSongUpdate }: Worksp
               className="min-h-10 border-teal-300/25 bg-teal-300/10 font-semibold text-teal-50 shadow-sm hover:bg-teal-300/20 hover:text-white"
             >
               <Download className="mr-2 size-4 text-teal-200" aria-hidden="true" />
-              Export Handoff (JSON)
+              {t("exportHandoffJson")}
             </Button>
           </div>
           </div>
@@ -348,61 +351,62 @@ export function Workspace({ song, sourceBootstrap = null, onSongUpdate }: Worksp
 
             {activeRole && (
               <div className="mb-4 rounded-2xl border border-emerald-300/20 bg-emerald-300/[0.06] p-4">
-                <p className="text-xs font-black uppercase tracking-[0.24em] text-emerald-200">Stem Player</p>
+                <p className="text-xs font-black uppercase tracking-[0.24em] text-emerald-200">{t("stemPlayerLabel")}</p>
                 <p className="mt-1 text-sm font-semibold text-slate-100">{activeRoleDetails?.name ?? activeRole}</p>
                 <div className="mt-3 flex flex-wrap gap-2">
                   <Button
                     type="button"
                     aria-disabled={true}
-                    aria-label="Play stem coming soon"
-                    title="Play stem coming soon"
+                    aria-label={t("playStemSoon")}
+                    title={t("playStemSoon")}
                     onClick={preventUnavailableAction}
                     variant="outline"
                     className="min-h-11 cursor-not-allowed border-white/10 bg-white/5 text-slate-400 opacity-70"
                   >
-                    Play stem
+                    {t("playStem")}
                   </Button>
                   <Button
                     type="button"
                     aria-disabled={true}
-                    aria-label="Loop section coming soon"
-                    title="Loop section coming soon"
+                    aria-label={t("loopSectionSoon")}
+                    title={t("loopSectionSoon")}
                     onClick={preventUnavailableAction}
                     variant="outline"
                     className="min-h-11 cursor-not-allowed border-white/10 bg-white/5 text-slate-400 opacity-70"
                   >
-                    Loop section
+                    {t("loopSection")}
                   </Button>
                   <Button
                     type="button"
                     aria-disabled={true}
-                    aria-label="Solo / mute others coming soon"
-                    title="Solo / mute others coming soon"
+                    aria-label={t("soloMuteOthersSoon")}
+                    title={t("soloMuteOthersSoon")}
                     onClick={preventUnavailableAction}
                     variant="outline"
                     className="min-h-11 cursor-not-allowed border-white/10 bg-white/5 text-slate-400 opacity-70"
                   >
-                    Solo / mute others
+                    {t("soloMuteOthers")}
                   </Button>
                   {canTranscribeBass ? (
                     <Button
                       type="button"
-                      title="Transcribe part"
+                      title={t("transcribePart")}
                       variant="outline"
                       className="min-h-11 border-emerald-300/20 bg-emerald-300/10 font-semibold text-emerald-100 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:border-white/10 disabled:bg-white/5 disabled:text-slate-500"
                     >
-                      Transcribe Bass
+                      {t("transcribeBass")}
                     </Button>
                   ) : (
                     <Button
                       type="button"
                       aria-disabled={true}
-                      title={`${activeRoleDetails?.name ?? "This role"} transcription is coming soon. Bass is ready first.`}
+                      aria-label={transcriptionUnavailableLabel}
+                      title={transcriptionUnavailableLabel}
                       onClick={preventUnavailableAction}
                       variant="outline"
                       className="min-h-11 cursor-not-allowed border-white/10 bg-white/5 font-semibold text-slate-500 opacity-70"
                     >
-                      Transcribe Bass
+                      {t("transcribePart")}
                     </Button>
                   )}
                 </div>
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.test.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.test.ts
index dc49a0a25..03458e299 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.test.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.test.ts
@@ -76,3 +76,33 @@ describe("i18n", () => {
     });
   });
 });
+
+describe("translator placeholder interpolation", () => {
+  it("does not recursively interpolate placeholder text inside replacement values", () => {
+    const t = createTranslator("en");
+
+    expect(
+      t("transcriptionComingSoon", { roleName: "Bass {roleName}" })
+    ).toBe("Bass {roleName} transcription is coming soon. Bass is ready first.");
+  });
+
+  it("does not interpolate a later placeholder inside an earlier replacement value", () => {
+    const t = createTranslator("en");
+
+    expect(
+      t("chordEditAriaLabel", {
+        roleName: "{sectionLabel}",
+        sectionLabel: "Bridge",
+        chord: "Cmaj7"
+      })
+    ).toBe("Edit chord for {sectionLabel} in Bridge, current Cmaj7");
+  });
+
+  it("preserves replacement characters literally", () => {
+    const t = createTranslator("en");
+
+    expect(t("transcriptionComingSoon", { roleName: "$& [lead].*" })).toBe(
+      "$& [lead].* transcription is coming soon. Bass is ready first."
+    );
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts
index 1a9f471f0..0405ddfe8 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -11,10 +11,21 @@ const dictionaries = {
   ko: koCommon
 } as const;
 
-/** Documented. */
+/** Create a locale-bound translator with single-pass literal placeholder interpolation. */
 export function createTranslator(locale: Locale = "en") {
-  return function t(key: TranslationKey): string {
-    return dictionaries[locale][key] ?? dictionaries.en[key];
+  return function translate(
+    key: TranslationKey,
+    variables?: Readonly<Record<string, string>>
+  ): string {
+    let text = dictionaries[locale][key] ?? dictionaries.en[key];
+    if (variables) {
+      text = text.replace(/\{([^{}]+)\}/g, (placeholder, variableName: string) =>
+        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(variables, variableName)
+          ? variables[variableName]
+          : placeholder
+      );
+    }
+    return text;
   };
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/locales/en/common.json b/apps/desktop/src/locales/en/common.json
index 39f716d50..8ac451add 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/locales/en/common.json
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/locales/en/common.json
@@ -148,5 +148,19 @@
   "practiceProgressRegionLabel": "Practice Progress",
   "practiceProgressLabel": "Practice Progress",
   "decreasePracticeProgressLabel": "Decrease progress",
-  "increasePracticeProgressLabel": "Increase progress"
+  "increasePracticeProgressLabel": "Increase progress",
+  "exportCueSheetCsv": "Export Cue Sheet (CSV)",
+  "exportChartJson": "Export Chart (JSON)",
+  "exportHandoffJson": "Export Handoff (JSON)",
+  "stemPlayerLabel": "Stem Player",
+  "playStem": "Play stem",
+  "playStemSoon": "Stem playback is coming soon.",
+  "loopSection": "Loop section",
+  "loopSectionSoon": "Section looping is coming soon.",
+  "soloMuteOthers": "Solo / mute others",
+  "soloMuteOthersSoon": "Solo and mute controls are coming soon.",
+  "transcribeBass": "Transcribe Bass",
+  "transcribePart": "Transcribe part",
+  "transcriptionComingSoon": "{roleName} transcription is coming soon. Bass is ready first.",
+  "thisRole": "This role"
 }
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/locales/ko/common.json b/apps/desktop/src/locales/ko/common.json
index 371884abb..10d391295 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/locales/ko/common.json
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/locales/ko/common.json
@@ -148,5 +148,19 @@
   "practiceProgressRegionLabel": "연습 진척도",
   "practiceProgressLabel": "연습 진척도",
   "decreasePracticeProgressLabel": "진척도 감소",
-  "increasePracticeProgressLabel": "진척도 증가"
+  "increasePracticeProgressLabel": "진척도 증가",
+  "exportCueSheetCsv": "큐 시트 내보내기 (CSV)",
+  "exportChartJson": "차트 요약 내보내기 (JSON)",
+  "exportHandoffJson": "핸드오프 데이터 내보내기 (JSON)",
+  "stemPlayerLabel": "스템 플레이어",
+  "playStem": "스템 재생",
+  "playStemSoon": "스템 재생은 곧 제공됩니다",
+  "loopSection": "구간 반복",
+  "loopSectionSoon": "구간 반복은 곧 제공됩니다",
+  "soloMuteOthers": "솔로 / 나머지 음소거",
+  "soloMuteOthersSoon": "솔로 / 나머지 음소거는 곧 제공됩니다",
+  "transcribeBass": "베이스 채보",
+  "transcribePart": "파트 채보",
+  "transcriptionComingSoon": "{roleName} 채보는 곧 제공됩니다. 베이스가 먼저 준비되었습니다.",
+  "thisRole": "이 역할"
 }