63vectors.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector> // Header file for accessing vector containers for STL
using namespace std;

template <class T>
void display(vector<T> &v)
{
    cout << "Elements of vector : " << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < v.size(); i++)
    {
        cout << v[i] << " ";
        // a function to find the position of the element
        cout << "[ "<<v.at(i)<<" ] ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
    /*
        SYNTAX FOR VECTORS :
            Since vectors are template classes, to use them simply use the object declaration syntax
            we use with normal template classes such as {{class name (vector in this case)}} <data_type> {{object_name}};

Use website cplusplus.com to access different commands to use with vector
            for example :
    */
    vector<int> vec1;
    int element, size;
    cout << "Tell the size for your vector??" << endl;
    cin >> size;
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
        cout << "Enter an element to the vector : ";
        cin >> element;
        vec1.push_back(element);
    }
    cout << endl;
    display(vec1);

    /*
    a command function to add a random element to the vector at a specified location using iterators it is called insert()
     create an iterator
         syntax:
         vector <data_type> :: iterator iterator_name = object_vector.begin(); here begin specifies the position
    */
    vector<int>::iterator iter = vec1.begin();
    vec1.insert(iter, 69);
    display(vec1);
    /*
    insert syntax :
        object.insert(iterator (use pointer arithmetic to shift the pointer), frequency (1 if not specified), element to be added )
    */
   vec1.insert(iter+2, 4, 420);
   display(vec1);
    // another command or function that can remove the last element of the vector
    vec1.pop_back();
    display(vec1);

    /*
        DIFFERENT WAYS TO INITIALIZE A VECTOR OBJECT
        vector <data_type> object_name(size);
        then use push_back to enter elements to it
        live examples :
    */
   vector <char> vec2(5); // here only one argument specifies the size
   vec2.push_back('k');
   display(vec2);

   vector <char> vec3(vec2); // this vector 3 takes the reference to vector 2
   display(vec3);

   vector <float> vec4(5, 3.4); // first argument specifies the size, second specifies the element then that element is repeated
   display(vec4);
    return 0;
}